Meyer Dominik C, Nyffeler Richard W, Fucentese Sandro F, Gerber Christian
Department of Orthopaedics, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Arthroscopy. 2002 Nov-Dec;18(9):1013-9. doi: 10.1053/jars.2002.36115.
In the repair of soft tissue to bone using suture anchors, failure of the suture material can occur at the anchor eyelet. This study examines the load strength at which suture material fails with different metallic suture anchor eyelets.
Biomechanical study.
Suture material (Ethibond No. 2, Ethicon, Norderstedt, Germany) was pulled out from 22 metallic suture anchor models at 60 mm/min, and tensile load at failure and failure mode were recorded. Tests were performed either by simultaneous pulling on 2 suture limbs in 3 different directions (straight, at 45 degrees, and at 45 degrees rotated by 90 degrees to the suture anchor axis) or by pulling on 1 suture limb while measuring the resulting force on the second limb. All tests were performed until suture failure. Pulling was performed in single tests on an Instron materials testing machine (High Wycombe, UK), with the anchors held by a vise.
In all cases, the suture failed at the anchor eyelet. Failure load at straight loading ranged from 116 +/- 5 N to 226 +/- 5 N and from 69 +/- 5 N to 193 +/- 7 N when loaded at an angle of 45 degrees. The best results were found with the Statak 5.2-mm (Zimmer, Warsaw, IN): 177 N; Corkscrew 6.5-mm anchor (Arthrex, Naples, FL): 174 N; and PeBA 4.0-mm anchor (OBL Orthopaedic Biosystems, Scottsdale, AZ): 169 N. With each eyelet, sutures failed preferentially in 1 direction, depending on the presence of sharp edges.
Suture material can be cut at suture anchor eyelets. Failure load depends on sharp edges on the eyelet and occurs at forces up to 73% below the breaking strength of the suture material on a smooth hook. Anchors with suture-protecting channels are particularly sensitive to the orientation in which the sutures are loaded.
在使用缝线锚钉将软组织修复至骨组织的过程中，缝线材料可能会在锚钉小孔处发生断裂。本研究旨在探究不同金属缝线锚钉小孔处缝线材料发生断裂时的负载强度。
生物力学研究。
以60毫米/分钟的速度从22个金属缝线锚钉模型中拔出缝线材料（Ethibond 2号，Ethicon公司，德国诺德施泰特），记录断裂时的拉伸负载和断裂模式。测试通过在3个不同方向（直线方向、45度角方向以及与缝线锚钉轴线成45度角且旋转90度后的方向）同时拉动2条缝线肢体，或者拉动1条缝线肢体并测量另一条肢体上产生的力来进行。所有测试均持续至缝线断裂。在英斯特朗材料试验机（英国海威科姆）上进行单次测试，用虎钳固定锚钉。
在所有情况下，缝线均在锚钉小孔处断裂。直线加载时的断裂负载范围为116±5牛至226±5牛，45度角加载时为69±5牛至193±7牛。Statak 5.2毫米（Zimmer公司，美国印第安纳州华沙）的测试结果最佳：177牛；螺旋6.5毫米锚钉（Arthrex公司，美国佛罗里达州那不勒斯）：174牛；以及PeBA 4.0毫米锚钉（OBL Orthopaedic Biosystems公司，美国亚利桑那州斯科茨代尔）：169牛。对于每个小孔，根据尖锐边缘的存在情况，缝线在1个方向上优先发生断裂。
缝线材料可在缝线锚钉小孔处被切断。断裂负载取决于小孔上的尖锐边缘，且在比光滑挂钩上缝线材料断裂强度低73%的力作用下发生。带有缝线保护通道的锚钉对缝线加载方向尤为敏感。
