An overview of environmental and toxicological aspects of aromatic hydrocarbons. II. Toluene.

The salient aspects of the exposure to toluene were reviewed via an initial examination of the production, use, occurrence and disposition of toluene, as well as populations at potential risk. Special note should be taken as to the increasing use of toluene as a "safe" replacement for benzene in solvent applications and its increasing use in many consumer products. There is a broad potential for exposure by industrial workers and the general public (via vehicle exhausts and consumer products). The effects on humans and animals as well as the genetic effects of toluene were also reviewed following an initial consideration for its absorption and elimination. The narcotic and neurotoxic properties of toluene represent the main recognized health hazards to humans.