Das Swetamber, Green Jason R
Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, USA and Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, USA.
Phys Rev E. 2024 May;109(5):L052104. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.109.L052104.
We derive statistical-mechanical speed limits on dissipation from the classical, chaotic dynamics of many-particle systems. In one, the rate of irreversible entropy production in the environment is the maximum speed of a deterministic system out of equilibrium, S[over ¯]{e}/k{B}≥1/2Δt, and its inverse is the minimum time to execute the process, Δt≥k_{B}/2S[over ¯]{e}. Starting with deterministic fluctuation theorems, we show there is a corresponding class of speed limits for physical observables measuring dissipation rates. For example, in many-particle systems interacting with a deterministic thermostat, there is a trade-off between the time to evolve between states and the heat flux, Q[over ¯]Δt≥k{B}T/2. These bounds constrain the relationship between dissipation and time during nonstationary processes, including transient excursions from steady states.
我们从多粒子系统的经典混沌动力学中推导出关于耗散的统计力学速度极限。其一，环境中不可逆熵产生的速率是确定性系统远离平衡态的最大速度，(S_{\bar{e}}/k_{B}≥1/2Δt)，其倒数是执行该过程的最短时间，(Δt≥k_{B}/2S_{\bar{e}})。从确定性涨落定理出发，我们表明对于测量耗散率的物理可观测量存在相应的一类速度极限。例如，在与确定性恒温器相互作用的多粒子系统中，状态间演化的时间与热流之间存在权衡，(Q_{\bar{}}Δt≥k_{B}T/2)。这些界限限制了非平稳过程中耗散与时间的关系，包括从稳态的瞬态偏离。
