Belkhribchia Mohamed Reda, Baroudi Zaineb, Ajrinija Abdelaziz, Ikane Itab
Department of Neurology, Hassan II Regional Hospital, Dakhla, MAR.
Department of Radiology, Hassan II Regional Hospital, Dakhla, MAR.
Cureus. 2024 Jun 21;16(6):e62820. doi: 10.7759/cureus.62820. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome is a multisystem paraneoplastic disorder due to an underlying plasma cell neoplasm, and its occurrence among HIV patients is extremely rare. The diagnosis of POEMS syndrome can be challenging in this context, particularly if its disabling polyneuropathy is misdiagnosed as neuropathy related to HIV. Herein, we report the case of a female patient with treated HIV who later developed POEMS syndrome. After a misdiagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy related to HIV and unsuccessful corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide therapies, the correct diagnosis of POEMS syndrome was made. The patient achieved significant hematological and neurological improvement after six cycles of lenalidomide. Autologous stem cell transplantation was then scheduled to prevent eventual relapses.
多神经病、器官肿大、内分泌病、M蛋白血症和皮肤改变（POEMS）综合征是一种由潜在浆细胞肿瘤引起的多系统副肿瘤性疾病，在HIV患者中极为罕见。在这种情况下，POEMS综合征的诊断可能具有挑战性，特别是当其致残性多神经病被误诊为与HIV相关的神经病时。在此，我们报告一例接受过HIV治疗的女性患者，该患者后来发展为POEMS综合征。在被误诊为与HIV相关的慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多神经病且皮质类固醇和环磷酰胺治疗无效后，最终确诊为POEMS综合征。该患者在接受六个周期的来那度胺治疗后，血液学和神经学方面均有显著改善。随后安排进行自体干细胞移植以预防最终复发。
