Nguyen Van Tang, Thi Tran Phuong Trang
Group of Research, Development and Teaching on Functional Foods, Nha Trang University, 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Viet Nam.
Food Technology Faculty, Nha Trang University, 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Viet Nam.
Heliyon. 2024 Jun 7;10(11):e32703. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32703. eCollection 2024 Jun 15.
Cocoa pod husk (CPH) is a major residue of cocoa processing industry, while medicinal plant is used for treatment of malaria and diabetes mellitus in folk medicine. This study aimed to produce microencapsulated powders from saponin-enriched CPH and extracts and assess their physicochemical, phytochemical, antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibition properties. The findings show that the microencapsulated powders were achieved diserable physicochemical properties (moisture of 3.22-4.76 %, water activity of 0.43-0.46, water solubility index of 74.18-88.77 %, particle size of 254.2-719.7 nm, and zeta potential from -6.97 to -15.1 mV). The phytochemical content of microencapsulated CPH powders gained at high levels (total saponin content of 151.87-193.46 mg EE/g DS, total flavonoid content of 33.80-46.05 mg CE/g DS), total alkaloid content of 15.20-24.23 mg AA/g DS, and total phenolic content of 5.41-6.49 mg GAE/g DS). The antioxidant potential of microencapsulated CPH powders using ARSC and FRAP assays was 15.51-18.20 and 9.61-11.89 mg TE/g DS, respectively, while their α-glucosidase inhibition capacity at 100 μg/mL was found at 51.74-52.16 %. The phytochemical content (except total alkaloid content), antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of microencapsulated CPH powders were smaller than those of microencapsulated and combined powders. This study reveals that the microencapsulated CPH and powders were prospective in reducing hyperglycemia activity. Therefore, this study provided an evidence for further application of CPH and plant for functional food development.
可可豆荚壳（CPH）是可可加工行业的主要残留物，而这种药用植物在民间医学中用于治疗疟疾和糖尿病。本研究旨在从富含皂苷的CPH和提取物中制备微胶囊粉末，并评估其物理化学、植物化学、抗氧化和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制特性。研究结果表明，微胶囊粉末具有良好的物理化学性质（水分含量为3.22 - 4.76%，水分活度为0.43 - 0.46，水溶性指数为74.18 - 88.77%，粒径为254.2 - 719.7纳米，zeta电位为 - 6.97至 - 15.1毫伏）。微胶囊CPH粉末的植物化学成分含量较高（总皂苷含量为151.87 - 193.46毫克EE/克DS，总黄酮含量为33.80 - 46.05毫克CE/克DS），总生物碱含量为15.20 - 24.23毫克AA/克DS，总酚含量为5.41 - 6.49毫克GAE/克DS）。使用ARSC和FRAP测定法，微胶囊CPH粉末的抗氧化潜力分别为15.51 - 18.20和9.61 - 11.89毫克TE/克DS，而其在100微克/毫升时的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制能力为51.74 - 52.16%。微胶囊CPH粉末的植物化学成分含量（总生物碱含量除外）、抗氧化和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制潜力均小于微胶囊和混合粉末。本研究表明，微胶囊CPH和粉末在降低高血糖活性方面具有前景。因此，本研究为CPH和植物在功能性食品开发中的进一步应用提供了证据。
