Tamiya Hajime, Kawashiri Hina, Miyamoto Toshiaki, Tsubaki Atsuhiro
Department of Exercise Physiology, Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, JPN.
Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, JPN.
Cureus. 2024 Jun 23;16(6):e62988. doi: 10.7759/cureus.62988. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Belt electrode-skeletal muscle electrical stimulation (B-SES) is a treatment prescribed for individuals with difficulty performing exercise therapy that improves muscle strength, exercise tolerance, and glucose metabolism. However, the effects of B-SES on the hemodynamics of the central and lower extremity conduit arteries have not been studied. Therefore, this study compared the acute effects of B-SES on the central and lower extremity conduit arteries in healthy young males.
This randomized crossover study included nine healthy young males (mean age: 21.0±1.1 years). Participants were assigned to the following experimental conditions, with a washout period of one week: condition 1 included 20 min of electrical stimulation of the lower extremity at the participant's sensation threshold intensity (Sham, n=9) and condition 2 included 20 min of electrical stimulation of the lower extremity at the maximum intensity the participant can tolerate (B-SES, n=9). The heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and total peripheral vascular resistance (TPR) were measured as central hemodynamics. The hemodynamics of the lower extremity conduit arteries were measured and calculated for the shallow femoral artery (SFA), including vessel diameter, mean blood flow velocity (MBFV), shear rate (SR), and mean blood flow (MBF) rate. These indices were measured before stimulation (Pre), 10 min after the start of stimulation (Stimulating), and immediately after the end of stimulation (Post). These indices were compared using a repeated two-way analysis of variance.
In B-SES, HR (Pre: 63.2±8.6; Stimulating: 73.7±6.9; Post: 70.0±4.2 bpm, p<0.01), CO (Pre: 5.1±1.0; Stimulating: 6.5±1.5, p<0.01; Post: 6.3±1.2 L/min, p=0.02), and MAP (Pre: 104.0±11.5; Stimulating: 116.4±10.8, p<0.01; Post: 109.6±9.7 mmHg, p=0.02) increased significantly. In addition, B-SES significantly increased MBFV (Pre: 19.2±4.0; Stimulating: 50.5±14.9; Post: 30.1±4.0 cm/s p<0.01), SR (Pre: 118.9±28.8; Stimulating: 302.7±91. 2, p<0.01; Post: 182.1±70.1/s, p=0.02), and MBF (Pre: 382.0±61.5; Stimulating: 1009.6±321.4; Post: 626.8±176.6 mL/min, p<0.01). However, there were no significant changes in SV and TPR.
The findings of this study indicate that B-SES in healthy young males increases CO without increasing SV or TPR and improves the MBFV and SR in the SFA.
带状电极 - 骨骼肌电刺激（B - SES）是一种为难以进行运动疗法的个体开具的治疗方法，可改善肌肉力量、运动耐力和葡萄糖代谢。然而，B - SES对中枢和下肢传导动脉血流动力学的影响尚未得到研究。因此，本研究比较了B - SES对健康年轻男性中枢和下肢传导动脉的急性影响。
这项随机交叉研究纳入了9名健康年轻男性（平均年龄：21.0±1.1岁）。参与者被分配到以下实验条件，洗脱期为一周：条件1包括以参与者的感觉阈值强度对下肢进行20分钟的电刺激（假刺激，n = 9），条件2包括以参与者能够耐受的最大强度对下肢进行20分钟的电刺激（B - SES，n = 9）。测量心率（HR）、每搏输出量（SV）、心输出量（CO）、平均动脉压（MAP）和总外周血管阻力（TPR）作为中枢血流动力学指标。测量并计算下肢传导动脉的血流动力学指标，包括股浅动脉（SFA）的血管直径、平均血流速度（MBFV）、剪切率（SR）和平均血流量（MBF）。这些指标在刺激前（Pre）、刺激开始后10分钟（Stimulating）和刺激结束后立即（Post）进行测量。使用重复双向方差分析对这些指标进行比较。
在B - SES组中，HR（Pre：63.2±8.6；Stimulating：73.7±6.9；Post：70.0±4.2次/分钟，p<0.01）、CO（Pre：5.1±1.0；Stimulating：6.5±1.5，p<0.01；Post：6.3±1.2升/分钟，p = 0.02）和MAP（Pre：104.0±11.5；Stimulating：116.4±10.8，p<0.01；Post：109.6±9.7毫米汞柱，p = 0.02）显著增加。此外，B - SES显著增加了MBFV（Pre：19.2±4.0；Stimulating：50.5±14.9；Post：30.1±4.0厘米/秒，p<0.01）、SR（Pre：118.9±28.8；Stimulating：302.7±91.2，p<0.01；Post：182.1±70.1/秒，p = 0.02）和MBF（Pre：382.0±61.5；Stimulating：1009.6±321.4；Post：626.8±176.6毫升/分钟，p<0.01）。然而，SV和TPR没有显著变化。
本研究结果表明，健康年轻男性进行B - SES可增加CO，而不增加SV或TPR，并改善SFA中的MBFV和SR。
