Jevtić Radivoje, Župunski Vesna, Živančev Dragan, Arsov Emilija, Mitrev Sasa, Mihajlov Ljupco, Orbović Branka
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Faculty of Agriculture, Goce Delcev University, 2000 Stip, North Macedonia.
J Fungi (Basel). 2024 Jun 2;10(6):401. doi: 10.3390/jof10060401.
This study investigated the relationship between yield, thousand kernel weight (TKW), and crude protein of soft white winter wheat-club variety (Barbee) and soft white winter wheat common variety (Zvezdana) susceptible to leaf rust and powdery mildew under different cultivation practices. Results revealed divergence in associations between yield, TKW, and crude protein loss of winter wheat varieties susceptible to obligate pathogens. Under the same level of leaf rust infection, N-input limited yield loss of the two varieties but not to the same extent. TKW loss was affected only by variety×cultivation practice and was significantly correlated with yield loss (r = -0.727, = 0.011) and crude protein loss (r = -0.600, = 0.05) only in club winter wheat. We suspected that Ninput affects the difference in the relationship between yield and TKW loss among varieties. Crude protein and yield loss had a low association (R = 18%, = 0.05). Finally, this study indicated that more attention should be paid to the determination of pathogen pressure that triggers yield loss. It also pointed out that yield, TKW, and crude protein response to fungicides could differ in susceptible varieties. The contribution of fungicide to yield enhancement was highly associated with the specific reaction of the variety to pathogen infection rather than solely the disease level itself.
本研究调查了软质白粒冬小麦俱乐部品种(芭比)和易感染叶锈病和白粉病的软质白粒冬小麦普通品种(兹韦兹达娜)在不同种植方式下的产量、千粒重(TKW)和粗蛋白之间的关系。结果显示,对专性病原菌敏感的冬小麦品种在产量、TKW和粗蛋白损失之间的关联存在差异。在相同叶锈病感染水平下,氮肥投入限制了两个品种的产量损失,但程度不同。TKW损失仅受品种×种植方式的影响,且仅在俱乐部冬小麦中与产量损失(r = -0.727,P = 0.011)和粗蛋白损失(r = -0.600,P = 0.05)显著相关。我们怀疑氮肥投入会影响品种间产量与TKW损失关系的差异。粗蛋白与产量损失的关联较低(R = 18%,P = 0.05)。最后,本研究表明应更加关注引发产量损失的病原菌压力的测定。它还指出,在敏感品种中,产量、TKW和粗蛋白对杀菌剂的反应可能不同。杀菌剂对产量提高的贡献与品种对病原菌感染的具体反应高度相关,而不仅仅取决于病害水平本身。