Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jun 9;25(12):6375. doi: 10.3390/ijms25126375.
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory reaction that develops at specific regions within the artery wall and at specific sites of the arterial tree over a varying time frame in response to a variety of risk factors. The mechanisms that account for the interaction of systemic factors and atherosclerosis-susceptible regions of the arterial tree to mediate this site-specific development of atherosclerosis are not clear. The dynamics of blood flow has a major influence on where in the arterial tree atherosclerosis develops, priming the site for interactions with atherosclerotic risk factors and inducing cellular and molecular participants in atherogenesis. But how this accounts for lesion development at various locations along the vascular tree across differing time frames still requires additional study. Currently, murine models are favored for the experimental study of atherogenesis and provide the most insight into the mechanisms that may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Based largely on these studies, in this review, we discuss the role of hemodynamic shear stress, SR-B1, and other factors that may contribute to the site-specific development of atherosclerosis.
动脉粥样硬化是一种炎症反应，它在动脉壁的特定区域和动脉树的特定部位发展，其反应时间因各种危险因素而异。导致系统性因素与动脉粥样硬化易感区域相互作用，从而介导动脉粥样硬化这种特定部位发生的机制尚不清楚。血流动力学对动脉树中何处发生动脉粥样硬化有重大影响，为与动脉粥样硬化危险因素相互作用以及诱导动脉粥样硬化发生过程中的细胞和分子参与者做好准备。但是，这种情况如何解释在不同时间框架内在血管树的各个位置发生的病变发展仍需要进一步研究。目前，鼠类模型是研究动脉粥样硬化发生的首选实验模型，为可能导致动脉粥样硬化发展的机制提供了最深入的见解。在很大程度上基于这些研究，在本综述中，我们讨论了血流切应力、SR-B1 和其他可能导致动脉粥样硬化特定部位发生的因素的作用。
