Bagkaki Alena, Parthenakis Fragiskos, Chlouverakis Gregory, Anastasakis Aris, Papagiannis Ioannis, Galanakis Emmanouil, Germanakis Ioannis
School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71 003 Heraklion, Greece.
Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Syggrou Av. 356, 176 74 Athens, Greece.
Children (Basel). 2024 Jun 15;11(6):732. doi: 10.3390/children11060732.
Our knowledge regarding the epidemiology of pediatric cardiomyopathy is based on large national population studies reporting an annual incidence of 1 case per 100,000 children, with a higher incidence observed in infancy and among selected populations. The aim here is to document the epidemiology of pediatric cardiomyopathy in a Mediterranean population.
Children younger than 18 years of age living on the Mediterranean island of Crete, Greece, who have been evaluated since the establishment of tertiary pediatric cardiology services (2002-2022) were included in this retrospective study.
A total of 40 children were included, corresponding to an average annual incidence of pediatric cardiomyopathy of 1.59 cases (95% CI: 1.4-2.3) and a prevalence of 26 cases per 100,000 children. In decreasing order of frequency, most cases corresponded to dilated (50%), followed by hypertrophic (42.5%), arrhythmogenic (5%), and restrictive (2.5%) cardiomyopathy. An etiology was identified in 40%, including a genetic diagnosis in 22.5%.
The incidence of pediatric cardiomyopathy in the Mediterranean island of Crete is higher compared with that reported previously for other Caucasian populations. Further study is needed to investigate the exact prevalence and specific genetic factors associated with the epidemiology of pediatric cardiomyopathy in Mediterranean populations.
我们对小儿心肌病流行病学的认识基于大型全国性人群研究，这些研究报告小儿心肌病的年发病率为每10万名儿童中有1例，在婴儿期和特定人群中发病率更高。本文旨在记录地中海人群中小儿心肌病的流行病学情况。
本回顾性研究纳入了自希腊克里特岛地中海岛屿建立三级小儿心脏病学服务（2002 - 2022年）以来接受评估的18岁以下儿童。
共纳入40名儿童，小儿心肌病的平均年发病率为1.59例（95%置信区间：1.4 - 2.3），每10万名儿童中的患病率为26例。按频率递减顺序，大多数病例为扩张型（50%），其次是肥厚型（42.5%）、致心律失常型（5%）和限制型（2.5%）心肌病。40%的病例确定了病因，其中22.5%为基因诊断。
与之前报道的其他白种人群相比，希腊克里特岛地中海岛屿上小儿心肌病的发病率更高。需要进一步研究以调查地中海人群中小儿心肌病流行病学的确切患病率和相关特定基因因素。
