School of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Colleges of Sciences and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Launceston Campus, Private Bag 51, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Jan 15;270:115884. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115884. Epub 2023 Dec 27.
Appropriate management of agricultural organic waste (AOW) presents a significant obstacle in the endeavor to attain sustainable agricultural development. The proper management of AOW is a necessity for sustainable agricultural development. This can be done skillfully by incorporating microbial agents in the composting procedure. In this study, we isolated relevant bacteria strains from tomato straw AOW, which demonstrated efficient degradation of lignocellulose without any antagonistic effects in them. These strains were then combined to create a composite microbial agent called Zyco Shield (ZS). The performance of ZS was compared with a commercially effective microorganism (EM) and a control CK. The results indicate that the ZS treatment significantly prolonged the elevated temperature phase of the tomato straw pile, showing considerable degradation of lignocellulosic material. This substantial degradation did not happen in the EM and CK treatments. Moreover, there was a temperature rise of 4-6 ℃ in 2 days of thermophilic phase, which was not the case in the EM and CK treatments. Furthermore, the inoculation of ZS substantially enhanced the degradation of organic waste derived from tomato straw. This method increased the nutrient content of the resulting compost and elevated the enzymatic activity of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes, while reducing the urease enzyme activity within the pile. The concentrations of NH-N and NO-N showed increases of (2.13% and 47.51%), (14.81% and 32.17%) respectively, which is again very different from the results of the EM and CK treatments. To some extent, the alterations observed in the microbial community and the abundance of functional microorganisms provide indirect evidence supporting the fact that the addition of ZS microbial agent facilitates the composting process of tomato straw. Moreover, we confirmed the degradation process of tomato straw through X-ray diffraction, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, and by scanning electron microscopy to analyze the role of ZS microbial inoculum composting. Consequently, reinoculation compost strains improves agricultural waste composting efficiency and enhances product quality.
农业有机废弃物（AOW）的妥善管理是实现可持续农业发展的重大障碍。妥善管理 AOW 是可持续农业发展的必要条件。通过在堆肥过程中加入微生物制剂，可以巧妙地实现这一点。在这项研究中，我们从番茄秸秆 AOW 中分离出相关细菌菌株，这些菌株在没有任何拮抗作用的情况下能够有效地降解木质纤维素。然后，我们将这些菌株组合成一种名为 Zyco Shield（ZS）的复合微生物制剂。我们将 ZS 的性能与一种商业有效的微生物（EM）和对照 CK 进行了比较。结果表明，ZS 处理显著延长了番茄秸秆堆的高温阶段，表明木质纤维素材料有相当大的降解。EM 和 CK 处理中没有发生这种情况。此外，在高温阶段的 2 天内，温度升高了 4-6℃，而 EM 和 CK 处理中没有这种情况。此外，ZS 的接种大大增强了番茄秸秆衍生有机废物的降解。这种方法提高了堆肥的养分含量，提高了木质纤维素降解酶的酶活性，同时降低了堆内脲酶的活性。NH-N 和 NO-N 的浓度分别增加了（2.13%和 47.51%）、（14.81%和 32.17%），这与 EM 和 CK 处理的结果非常不同。在某种程度上，微生物群落的变化和功能微生物的丰度提供了间接证据，证明添加 ZS 微生物制剂有助于番茄秸秆的堆肥过程。此外，我们通过 X 射线衍射、傅里叶红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜分析了 ZS 微生物接种剂堆肥的作用，证实了番茄秸秆的降解过程。因此，再接种堆肥菌株可以提高农业废弃物堆肥效率并提高产品质量。
