Reader in Protozoology, Department of Microbiology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Chief Medical Officer of Health, Department of Health and Family Welfare, Darjeeling, West Bengal, India.
Indian J Public Health. 2023 Oct 1;67(4):646-653. doi: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_1734_22. Epub 2023 Dec 29.
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by JE virus (JEV) and transmitted to humans from pigs or aquatic birds by vector mosquitoes in southeast Asian countries. In this study, JEV infection rate among vector mosquitoes and domestic pigs was determined by detecting viral RNA and anti-JEV antibody (immunoglobulin G), respectively.
A total of 146 pool mosquitoes of Culexvishnui subgroup and 278 pig blood samples were analyzed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods, respectively. E and premembrane (PrM) gene of JEV detected among vectors were sequenced and a phylogenetic tree was constructed.
Five (5.81%) pools of Culextritaeniorhynchus were positive for JEV with pooled infection rate 1.70/1000 mosquitoes. A total of 108 (38.84%) blood samples were positive for anti-JEV antibody. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that our own E and PrM gene sequence of JEV belonging to Genotype III and showed 96.95% sequence similarities with the vaccine strain SA14-14-2.
It was observed that domestic pigs of northern West Bengal were highly infected with JEV. Hence, the transmission should be blocked by pig vaccination. A pilot study may be undertaken for mass vaccination of the prevailing pig population to observe any reduced rate of JEV transmission from both pig to pig and pig to human.
日本脑炎（JE）是一种由日本脑炎病毒（JEV）引起的新兴人畜共患病，在东南亚国家，通过媒介蚊子从猪或水鸟传播给人类。在本研究中，通过检测病毒 RNA 和抗 JEV 抗体（免疫球蛋白 G），分别确定了媒介蚊子和家猪中的 JEV 感染率。
通过逆转录聚合酶链反应和酶联免疫吸附试验方法分析了 146 个库蚊 Culexvishnui 亚组和 278 份猪血样本。对检测到的 JEV E 和前膜（PrM）基因进行测序，并构建了系统发育树。
5 个（5.81%）Culextritaeniorhynchus 蚊群 JEV 阳性，蚊群感染率为 1.70/1000 只。共有 108（38.84%）份血液样本抗 JEV 抗体阳性。系统发育分析表明，我们自己的 JEV E 和 PrM 基因序列属于基因型 III，与疫苗株 SA14-14-2 的序列相似度为 96.95%。
观察到孟加拉国北部的家猪高度感染 JEV。因此，应通过猪接种疫苗来阻断传播。可以进行一项试点研究，对现有的猪群进行大规模接种疫苗，以观察 JEV 从猪到猪和猪到人传播的减少率。
