Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Robert W. Holley Center, 538 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2024 Aug;64:101225. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101225. Epub 2024 Jun 25.
Ongoing climate change is increasing the frequency and magnitude of high-temperature events (HTEs), causing heat stress in parasitoids and their hosts. We argue that HTEs and heat stress should be viewed in terms of the intersecting life cycles of host and parasitoid. Recent studies illustrate how the biological consequences of a given HTE may vary dramatically depending on its timing within these lifecycles. The temperature sensitivity of host manipulation by parasitoids, and by viral endosymbionts of many parasitoids, can contribute to differing responses of hosts and parasitoids to HTEs. In some cases, these effects can result in reduced parasitoid success and increased host herbivory and may disrupt the ecological interactions between hosts and parasitoids. Because most studies to date involve endoparasitoids of aphid or lepidopteran hosts in agricultural systems, our understanding of heat responses of host-parasitoid interactions in natural systems is quite limited.
持续的气候变化正在增加高温事件（HTEs）的频率和强度，导致寄生蜂及其宿主承受热应激。我们认为，应该根据宿主和寄生蜂的交叉生命周期来考虑 HTE 和热应激。最近的研究表明，给定 HTE 的生物学后果可能会根据其在这些生命周期中的时间而有很大的不同。寄生蜂及其许多寄生蜂的病毒内共生体对宿主操纵的温度敏感性，可能导致宿主和寄生蜂对 HTE 的反应不同。在某些情况下，这些影响可能会导致寄生蜂成功率降低，宿主草食性增加，并可能破坏宿主和寄生蜂之间的生态相互作用。由于迄今为止的大多数研究都涉及农业系统中蚜虫或鳞翅目宿主的内寄生蜂，因此我们对自然系统中宿主-寄生蜂相互作用的热反应的理解非常有限。
