Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Center for Music in the Brain, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and The Royal Academy of Music Aarhus/Aalborg, Aarhus, Denmark.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jun 27;14(1):14876. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-65788-6.
Spontaneous rhythmic movements are part of everyday life, e.g., in walking, clapping or music making. Humans perform such spontaneous motor actions at different rates that reflect specific biomechanical constraints of the effector system in use. However, there is some evidence for intra-individual consistency of specific spontaneous rates arguably resulting from common underlying processes. Additionally, individual and contextual factors such as musicianship and circadian rhythms have been suggested to influence spontaneous rates. This study investigated the relative contributions of these factors and provides a comprehensive picture of rates among different spontaneous motor behaviors, i.e., melody production, walking, clapping, tapping with and without sound production, the latter measured online before and in the lab. Participants (n = 60) exhibited high intra-individual stability across tasks. Task-related influences included faster tempi for spontaneous production rates of music and wider ranges of spontaneous motor tempi (SMT) and clapping rates compared to walking and music making rates. Moreover, musicians exhibited slower spontaneous rates across tasks, yet we found no influence of time of day on SMT as measured online in pre-lab sessions. Tapping behavior was similar in pre-lab and in-lab sessions, validating the use of online SMT assessments. Together, the prominent role of individual factors and high stability across domains support the idea that different spontaneous motor behaviors are influenced by common underlying processes.
自发性有节奏的运动是日常生活的一部分，例如行走、拍手或演奏音乐。人类以不同的速度进行这种自发性的运动动作，反映了使用中的效应器系统的特定生物力学限制。然而，有一些证据表明，特定的自发性速率存在个体内的一致性，可能是由于共同的潜在过程造成的。此外，个体和环境因素，如音乐才能和昼夜节律，被认为会影响自发性速率。本研究调查了这些因素的相对贡献，并提供了不同自发性运动行为（即旋律创作、行走、拍手、有声音和无声音的敲击）之间的速率的综合图景，后者在实验室之前和在线进行测量。参与者（n=60）在任务之间表现出高度的个体内稳定性。与任务相关的影响包括，与行走和音乐创作的速率相比，音乐自发性产生速率的节奏更快，自发性运动节奏（SMT）和拍手速率的范围更宽。此外，音乐家在所有任务中表现出较慢的自发性速率，但我们没有发现 SMT 会受到一天中时间的影响，这是在实验室前的在线测量中发现的。敲击行为在实验室前和实验室中的表现相似，验证了在线 SMT 评估的使用。总之，个体因素的突出作用和不同领域的高稳定性支持这样一种观点，即不同的自发性运动行为受到共同潜在过程的影响。
