Desbernats Anaïs, Martin Elodie, Tallet Jessica
ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.
Front Psychol. 2023 Oct 18;14:1161052. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1161052. eCollection 2023.
Intentionally or not, humans produce rhythmic behaviors (e.g., walking, speaking, and clapping). In 1974, Paul Fraisse defined rhythmic behavior as a periodic movement that obeys a temporal program specific to the subject and that depends less on the conditions of the action (p. 47). Among spontaneous rhythms, the spontaneous motor tempo (SMT) corresponds to the tempo at which someone produces movements in the absence of external stimuli, at the most regular, natural, and pleasant rhythm for him/her. However, intra- and inter-individual differences exist in the SMT values. Even if several factors have been suggested to influence the SMT (e.g., the age of participants), we do not yet know which factors actually modulate the value of the SMT. In this context, the objectives of the present systematic review are (1) to characterize the range of SMT values found in the literature in healthy human adults and (2) to identify all the factors modulating the SMT values in humans. Our results highlight that (1) the reference value of SMT is far from being a common value of 600 ms in healthy human adults, but a range of SMT values exists, and (2) many factors modulate the SMT values. We discuss our results in terms of intrinsic factors (in relation to personal characteristics) and extrinsic factors (in relation to environmental characteristics). Recommendations are proposed to assess the SMT in future research and in rehabilitative, educative, and sport interventions involving rhythmic behaviors.
无论有意与否，人类都会产生有节奏的行为（例如行走、说话和鼓掌）。1974年，保罗·弗雷斯将有节奏的行为定义为一种周期性运动，它遵循特定于个体的时间程序，并且较少依赖于动作的条件（第47页）。在自发节奏中，自发运动节奏（SMT）对应于某人在没有外部刺激的情况下以对其而言最规律、自然和愉悦的节奏产生运动的节奏。然而，SMT值存在个体内和个体间的差异。即使已经提出了几个因素来影响SMT（例如参与者的年龄），但我们仍然不知道哪些因素实际上调节了SMT的值。在此背景下，本系统综述的目的是：（1）描述健康成年人类文献中发现的SMT值范围；（2）确定所有调节人类SMT值的因素。我们的结果强调：（1）SMT的参考值远非健康成年人类普遍的600毫秒值，而是存在一系列SMT值；（2）许多因素调节SMT值。我们从内在因素（与个人特征相关）和外在因素（与环境特征相关）方面讨论了我们的结果。针对未来研究以及涉及有节奏行为的康复、教育和体育干预中评估SMT提出了建议。
