Brain Abscesses in the Tropics.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

This review aims to elucidate the etiologies of brain abscesses in the tropics. Despite the similarities in causes of brain abscesses across global regions, tropical settings manifest distinguishing characteristics, prominently observed on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.

RECENT FINDINGS

In tropical climates, the leading conditions predisposing individuals to brain abscesses are polymicrobial bacterial infections originating from paranasal sinuses, dental sources, and otitis media. However, the tropics present unique etiologies to be aware of, including (Chagas disease), free-living amoebas like , infections from (melioidosis), fungi such as , and . Given the differential diagnoses, which include neoplastic, inflammatory, and demyelinating diseases, a stereotactic biopsy coupled with a microbiological assessment remains valuable for accurate diagnosis.

SUMMARY

In tropical regions, brain abscesses are a concern when confronted with mass-occupying or other types of brain lesions. Successful clinical management of brain abscesses typically combines surgical intervention and extended anti-microbial treatment. However, specific parasitic invasions like Chagas disease, free-living amoebas, and necessitate targeted anti-parasitic therapies. Furthermore, international policy efforts should focus on prevention measures in resource limited regions with heightened risks and disease burden.