Deshkar Mrunali, Thosar Nilima R, Kabra Sakshi P, Yeluri Ramakrishna, Rathi Nilesh V
Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Pediatric Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Cureus. 2024 May 29;16(5):e61281. doi: 10.7759/cureus.61281. eCollection 2024 May.
The tongue supports the upper dental arch and encourages healthy dental arch development when it rests against the roof of the mouth. On the other hand, over time, malocclusion can result from incorrect tongue position, such as lying low in the mouth or thrusting forward during swallowing or speaking. As a muscular organ, the tongue applies forces to the jaws and teeth that may help with malocclusion or hinder it from aligning properly. The dentition and jaws grow and align according to the way the tongue, teeth, and surrounding structures interact. The tongue's morphogenetic function includes forming the arches and having an important impact on the maxillary complex's development. The tongue frequently assumes a balancing and compensatory function in subsequent phases, functioning more or less like a natural orthodontic bite. In adults, the tongue is able to compensate for problems like open bites, teeth that are out of alignment, or differences in the occlusal and sagittal planes of the spine. In this context, the tongue's ability to sustain occlusion during malocclusion can be considered a compensatory response. This is comparable to how lingual dysfunction may contribute to malocclusion or act as a potential source of recurring orthodontic instability. In order to diagnose and treat orthodontic issues, dental professionals must know the connection between tongue position and dental malocclusion. Malocclusion can be prevented or minimized with early intervention, such as myofunctional therapy to correct tongue position and habits, improving dental health and well-being overall.
舌头支撑上牙弓，当它抵住上颚时，有助于牙弓的健康发育。另一方面，随着时间的推移，不正确的舌位可能导致咬合不正，比如舌头在口腔中位置过低，或者在吞咽或说话时向前伸。作为一个肌肉器官，舌头会对上颌和牙齿施加力量，这可能有助于改善咬合不正，也可能阻碍牙齿正常排列。牙列和上颌骨的生长与排列取决于舌头、牙齿及周围结构的相互作用方式。舌头的形态发生功能包括形成牙弓，并对上颌复合体的发育产生重要影响。在后续阶段，舌头常常发挥平衡和补偿功能，其作用或多或少类似于自然的正畸咬合。在成年人中，舌头能够补偿诸如开颌、牙齿排列不齐或脊柱咬合面和矢状面差异等问题。在这种情况下，舌头在咬合不正时维持咬合的能力可被视为一种补偿反应。这类似于舌功能障碍可能导致咬合不正，或成为正畸反复不稳定的潜在根源。为了诊断和治疗正畸问题，牙科专业人员必须了解舌位与牙齿咬合不正之间的关系。通过早期干预，如进行肌功能治疗来纠正舌位和习惯，可以预防或减少咬合不正，从而全面改善口腔健康和幸福感。
