Tugarinov Nicol, Xu Esther, Kim Grace H
Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
Department of Medicine, Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, USA.
Cureus. 2024 May 30;16(5):e61361. doi: 10.7759/cureus.61361. eCollection 2024 May.
Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is a form of cancer that involves abnormal lymphocyte proliferation which affects the lymphatic system. Patients with HIV are at increased risk of developing HL, despite the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy. The most common presentation of HL is painless lymphadenopathy with classic constitutional symptoms in advanced disease. Here we discuss a 39-year-old female with a history of HIV on emtricitabine/tenofovir and dolutegravir who presented with four days of worsening diarrhea along with fevers and chills. She had a similar presentation at a nearby hospital four months prior. After initial concern for gastrointestinal infection, an extensive infectious workup was conducted and was negative. After complaints of sore throat and increased confusion during the hospital stay, a CT Chest and Neck revealed diffuse lymphadenopathy. Severely elevated ferritin levels raised concern for secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and prompted expedited ultrasound-guided cervical lymph node (LN) core biopsy and bone marrow biopsy. Ultrasound-guided core biopsy of the LN showed classical Hodgkin's lymphoma of mixed cellularity. The patient was started on doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine + nivolumab. This is a case of a patient with HIV who presented with chronic diarrhea of unidentifiable origin and was ultimately diagnosed with classical Hodgkin's lymphoma during her hospitalization and highlights the importance of maintaining lymphoproliferative diseases on the differential in patients with HIV and gastrointestinal symptoms.
霍奇金淋巴瘤(HL)是一种癌症,涉及影响淋巴系统的异常淋巴细胞增殖。尽管采用了联合抗逆转录病毒疗法,但HIV患者患HL的风险仍会增加。HL最常见的表现是无痛性淋巴结病,晚期疾病伴有典型的全身症状。在此,我们讨论一名39岁女性,她有HIV病史,正在服用恩曲他滨/替诺福韦和度鲁特韦,出现了四天来腹泻加重并伴有发热和寒战的症状。四个月前她在附近医院有过类似表现。在最初怀疑为胃肠道感染后,进行了广泛的感染性检查,结果为阴性。在住院期间出现咽痛和意识障碍加重的症状后,胸部和颈部CT显示弥漫性淋巴结病。铁蛋白水平严重升高引发了对继发性噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增生症的担忧,并促使加快进行超声引导下的颈部淋巴结(LN)芯针活检和骨髓活检。LN的超声引导芯针活检显示为混合细胞型经典霍奇金淋巴瘤。患者开始接受多柔比星、长春碱、达卡巴嗪 + 纳武单抗治疗。这是一例HIV患者,出现了病因不明的慢性腹泻,最终在住院期间被诊断为经典霍奇金淋巴瘤,突出了在患有HIV和胃肠道症状的患者中鉴别淋巴增殖性疾病的重要性。