Loturco Irineu, Bishop Chris, Zabaloy Santiago, Moura Túlio B M A, Ramos Maurício S, Pereira Lucas A, McGuigan Michael R
NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Biol Sport. 2024 Jul;41(3):201-211. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2024.135201. Epub 2024 Feb 7.
This study aimed to determine, through the use of a highly sensitive statistical tool, whether real changes in performance were present; and compare the rates of meaningful variations in strength, speed, and power parameters at different time-points during the competitive season in national team rugby players. Thirty-two players were assessed 5 times across the season using the following tests: squat jump and countermovement jump tests; 30-m sprint velocity; and one-repetition maximum (1RM) in the half-squat and bench-press exercises. A repeated-measures analysis of variance was conducted to test for differences between successive time-points. Individual coefficients of variation values were used to set target scores for post-measurements and examine whether changes in performance parameters were greater than the natural test variance, thus providing an indication of whether "true changes" occurred. No significant changes were detected in the vertical jump height, 1RM measures, and sprint velocity and momentum throughout the 11-month period ( > 0.05). True changes occurred much more frequently for strength-power measures than for sprint velocity and momentum. Elite rugby union players did not exhibit significant variations in neuromuscular performance across the competitive period, when a group-based analysis was conducted. However, at the individual level, "true changes" in strength-power-(but not in speed-) related qualities were consistently observed over the competitive season.
本研究旨在通过使用一种高度敏感的统计工具，确定表现是否存在实际变化；并比较国家队橄榄球运动员在赛季不同时间点力量、速度和功率参数的有意义变化率。在整个赛季中，对32名运动员进行了5次评估，使用以下测试：深蹲跳和反向移动跳测试；30米冲刺速度；以及半蹲和卧推练习中的一次重复最大值（1RM）。进行重复测量方差分析以检验连续时间点之间的差异。个体变异系数值用于设定测量后目标分数，并检查表现参数的变化是否大于自然测试方差，从而表明是否发生了“真实变化”。在整个11个月期间，垂直跳高度、1RM测量值、冲刺速度和动量均未检测到显著变化（>0.05）。力量-功率测量的真实变化比冲刺速度和动量更频繁地发生。在进行基于组的分析时，精英橄榄球联盟球员在整个比赛期间神经肌肉表现没有显著变化。然而，在个体水平上，在整个赛季中持续观察到力量-功率（而非速度）相关素质的“真实变化”。
