Loturco Irineu, Pereira Lucas A, Freitas Tomás T, Bishop Chris, Pareja-Blanco Fernando, McGuigan Michael R
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2021 Aug 1;16(8):1148–1153. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2020-0342. Epub 2021 Feb 14.
To test the relationships between maximum and relative strength (MS and RS), absolute and relative peak force (PF and RPF), and strength deficit (SDef), with sprint and jump performance, and to compare these mechanical variables between elite sprinters and professional rugby union players.
Thirty-five male rugby union players and 30 male sprinters performed vertical jumps, 30-m sprint, and half-squat 1-repetition maximum (1RM), where these force-related parameters were collected. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to test the relationships between the variables. An independent t test and magnitude-based inferences compared the mechanical variables between sprinters and rugby players.
Almost certain significant differences were observed for jump and sprint performance between groups (P < .0001). The rugby union players demonstrated a likely significant higher MS (P = .03) but a very likely lower RS (P = .007) than the sprinters. No significant differences were observed for PF between them. The sprinters exhibited an almost certain significant higher RPF than the rugby players (P < .0001). Furthermore, the rugby players demonstrated almost certain to likely significant higher SDef from 40% to 70% 1RM (P < .05) compared with the sprinters. Overall, all strength-derived parameters were significantly related to functional performance.
Elite sprinters present higher levels of RS and RPF, lower levels of SDef, and better sprint and jump performance than professional rugby players. Relative strength-derived values (RS and RPF) and SDef are significantly associated with speed-power measures and may be used as effective and practical indicators of athletic performance.
测试最大力量与相对力量（MS和RS）、绝对峰值力量与相对峰值力量（PF和RPF）以及力量 deficit（SDef）与短跑和跳跃成绩之间的关系，并比较精英短跑运动员和职业橄榄球联盟球员之间的这些力学变量。
35名男性橄榄球联盟球员和30名男性短跑运动员进行垂直跳跃、30米短跑和半蹲1次最大重复量（1RM）测试，同时收集这些与力量相关的参数。使用Pearson相关系数来测试变量之间的关系。采用独立t检验和基于量级的推断来比较短跑运动员和橄榄球运动员之间的力学变量。
两组之间在跳跃和短跑成绩上几乎肯定存在显著差异（P <.0001）。橄榄球联盟球员的MS可能显著高于短跑运动员（P =.03），但RS极有可能低于短跑运动员（P =.007）。两者之间的PF没有显著差异。短跑运动员的RPF几乎肯定显著高于橄榄球运动员（P <.0001）。此外，与短跑运动员相比，橄榄球运动员在40%至70% 1RM时的SDef几乎肯定到可能显著更高（P <.05）。总体而言，所有力量衍生参数均与功能表现显著相关。
精英短跑运动员比职业橄榄球运动员具有更高的RS和RPF水平、更低的SDef水平以及更好的短跑和跳跃成绩。相对力量衍生值（RS和RPF）和SDef与速度 - 力量指标显著相关，可作为运动表现的有效且实用指标。
