Innovation Institute for Sustainable Maritime Architecture Research and Technology, Qingdao, 266033, China.
Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu, 8080133, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 2;14(1):15115. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-64618-z.
Rapid urbanization increases psychological stress among pedestrians, potentially heightening mental health disorders. This study examines the role of street walls' visual and textural characteristics in stress recovery, using Qingdao as a case study. Virtual reality is employed to simulate five distinct street walls: yellow mortar, brown stone, red brick, green plant, and white mortar. The stress recovery effectiveness of these walls was evaluated through psychological and physiological indicators from 48 young college students. Results indicated that street walls with warm tones, particularly brown stone, significantly aid stress recovery. Psychologically, Restorative Components Scale was highest for brown stone at 1.13. Physiologically, it was linked with notable reductions in diastolic and pulse pressure (decreases of 2.95 mmHg and 2.27 mmHg, respectively), and enhanced parasympathetic activity, as evidenced by the fastest decrease in low frequency/high frequency ratio (LF/HF), and increases in pNN50 and RR (0.14-2.01% and 1.57-11.81 ms, respectively). For urban design, the incorporation of warm-toned materials and natural elements like stone is recommended for their superior restorative benefits.
快速城市化增加了行人的心理压力，可能会导致心理健康障碍加剧。本研究以青岛为例，探讨了街道墙壁的视觉和纹理特征在压力恢复中的作用。研究采用虚拟现实技术模拟了五种不同的街道墙壁：黄色灰浆、棕色石头、红砖、绿色植物和白色灰浆。通过 48 名年轻大学生的心理和生理指标评估了这些墙壁的压力恢复效果。结果表明，暖色街道墙壁，特别是棕色石头，对压力恢复有显著的促进作用。从心理方面来看，棕色石头的恢复性成分得分最高，为 1.13。从生理方面来看，棕色石头与舒张压和脉搏压的显著降低有关（分别降低 2.95 毫米汞柱和 2.27 毫米汞柱），并增强了副交感神经活动，表现为低频/高频比（LF/HF）下降最快，pNN50 和 RR 增加（分别为 0.14-2.01%和 1.57-11.81 毫秒）。对于城市设计，建议采用暖色材料和自然元素（如石头），因为它们具有更好的恢复效益。
