Kilonzo Semvua B, Nkandala Igembe, Rudovick Ladius, Jaka Hyasinta M, Mirambo Mariam M, Mshana Stephen E, Kajogoo Violet D, Shao Elichilia R
Internal Medicine Department, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 1464, Mwanza, Tanzania.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 1464, Mwanza, Tanzania.
J Trop Med. 2024 Jun 5;2024:4178240. doi: 10.1155/2024/4178240. eCollection 2024.
We systematically searched the PubMed, Web of Science, African Journals Online, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases for studies conducted up to March 1, 2023, that estimated the prevalence of HBV in Tanzania based on HBV surface antigen measurements. The DerSimonian-Laird random effects model was used to estimate the overall prevalence of HBV with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Potential sources of heterogeneity were also investigated.
Thirty-one studies with a total sample size of 37,988 were included in the meta-analysis. The overall average HBV prevalence estimate in Tanzania was 6.91% (95% CI = 5.18-8.86%). Subgroup analysis revealed the highest prevalence in the northern zone (9.32%, 95% CI; 2.24-20.36%), among the blood donors (18.72%, 95% CI: 17.43-20.05%) and among the community volunteers (8.76%, 95% CI: 4.55-14.15%). The lowest prevalence was observed in the lake zone at 4.66% (95% CI: 3.49-5.99) and in pregnant women at 4.72% (95% CI: 3.42-6.21). The overall between-study variability showed significant heterogeneity ( = 97.41%, < 0.001).
Our results showed that Tanzania is a country with moderately high HBV endemicity, with large interregional differences and significantly high numbers of HBV infections within the community. This underscores the need for immediate development of targeted prevention strategies and further epidemiological studies to better understand the pattern of the disease.
我们系统检索了截至2023年3月1日在PubMed、科学网、非洲在线期刊、Embase、Cochrane图书馆和谷歌学术数据库中进行的基于乙肝表面抗原测量估计坦桑尼亚乙肝病毒（HBV）流行率的研究。采用DerSimonian-Laird随机效应模型估计HBV的总体流行率及95%置信区间（CI）。还调查了异质性的潜在来源。
荟萃分析纳入了31项研究，总样本量为37988。坦桑尼亚HBV总体平均流行率估计为6.91%（95%CI = 5.18 - 8.86%）。亚组分析显示北部地区流行率最高（9.32%，95%CI；2.24 - 20.36%），献血者中流行率为（18.72%，95%CI：17.43 - 20.05%），社区志愿者中流行率为（8.76%，95%CI：4.55 - 14.15%）。湖区流行率最低，为4.66%（95%CI：3.49 - 5.99），孕妇中流行率为4.72%（95%CI：3.42 - 6.21）。研究间总体变异性显示存在显著异质性（I² = 97.41%，P < 0.001）。
我们的结果表明，坦桑尼亚是一个乙肝地方流行率中等偏高的国家，地区间差异较大，社区内乙肝感染人数显著众多。这突出表明需要立即制定有针对性的预防策略，并开展进一步的流行病学研究，以更好地了解该疾病的模式。
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