School of Public Health, The Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences-Bugando, Mwanza, Tanzania.
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Bugando Teaching and Consultant Hospital, Mwanza, Tanzania.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jun 2;11:1152193. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1152193. eCollection 2023.
Despite the availability of hepatitis B vaccines (HBV) in Tanzania, their uptake among healthcare workers (HCWs) in high-level facilities, such as tertiary hospitals where the vaccines are available, is low. However, their uptake among HCWs in primary health facilities remains understudied. The lack of this information limits the scaling up of HBV vaccination programs.
A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted between June and July 2022 among HCWs in the Misungwi and Ilemela districts, which were purposefully selected. The sample size was calculated using the Taro Yamane formula, and data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.
A total of 402 HCWs were recruited, their mean age was 34.9 ± 7.77 years, and only 18% (76/402) reported being fully vaccinated. HCWs in Ilemela showed higher uptake ( = 23.64, df = 1, = 0.00) of the vaccine than HCWs in Misungwi. Being male (aOR = 2.38, 95% CI 1.28-4.45, = 0.006), working in an urban setting (aOR = 5.75, 95% CI 2.91-11.35, p = 0.00), and having an employment duration of more than 2 years (aOR = 3.58, 95%CI 1.19-10.74, = 0.023) were significantly associated with higher odds of vaccination. Moreover, high perceived susceptibility to HBV infection (aOR = 2.20, 95% CI1.02-4.75, = 0.044) and history of needle prick injuries (aOR = 6.87, 95%CI 3.55-13.26, = 0.00) were significantly associated with higher odds of HBV vaccination.
Low uptake of HBV vaccine among HCWs in primary health facilities was observed with a noteworthy difference between rural and urban settings. Therefore, advocacy campaigns and resource mobilization toward the promotion of HBV vaccination in primary health facilities are pivotal.
尽管坦桑尼亚已经有乙肝疫苗（HBV），但其在三级医院等高级别医疗机构的医护人员（HCWs）中的接种率仍然较低，而在初级卫生保健机构的 HCWs 中的接种率仍有待研究。由于缺乏这方面的信息，HBV 疫苗接种计划的推广受到了限制。
2022 年 6 月至 7 月，在Misungwi 和 Ilemela 区进行了一项横断面分析研究，这两个区是经过精心挑选的。使用 Taro Yamane 公式计算样本量，并使用自填式问卷收集数据，使用 IBM SPSS 版本 25 进行分析。
共招募了 402 名 HCWs，他们的平均年龄为 34.9±7.77 岁，只有 18%（76/402）的人报告完全接种了疫苗。与 Misungwi 的 HCWs 相比，Ilemela 的 HCWs 对疫苗的接种率更高（ = 23.64，df = 1， = 0.00）。男性（优势比[OR] = 2.38，95%置信区间[CI] 1.28-4.45， = 0.006）、在城市工作（OR = 5.75，95%CI 2.91-11.35，p = 0.00）和工作时间超过 2 年（OR = 3.58，95%CI 1.19-10.74， = 0.023）与更高的疫苗接种几率显著相关。此外，对 HBV 感染的高易感性感知（OR = 2.20，95%CI 1.02-4.75， = 0.044）和针刺伤史（OR = 6.87，95%CI 3.55-13.26， = 0.00）与 HBV 疫苗接种的高几率显著相关。
在初级卫生保健机构中，HBV 疫苗的接种率较低，城乡之间存在显著差异。因此，针对初级卫生保健机构推广 HBV 疫苗接种的宣传活动和资源动员至关重要。
