Llobet-Estany Marta, Serrano-Miguel Mercedes, Muñoz Araceli, Boixadós-Porquet Adela, Campomar Belén
Doctora en Sociología. Docente e investigadora, Unitat de Formació i Recerca - Escola de Treball Social, Universitat de Barcelona, España.
Doctora en Antropología Social. Docente e investigadora, Unitat de Formació i Recerca - Escola de Treball Social, Universitat de Barcelona, España.
Salud Colect. 2024 Jun 7;20:e4826. doi: 10.18294/sc.2024.4826.
The experience of homelessness is associated with strong stigmatization processes, which are often reflected in the treatment received from professionals and the healthcare system itself. This article aims to analyze the experiences of participants in a program for homeless individuals in Barcelona called Primer la Llar within the healthcare system, and how the stigma they suffer affects the care processes. This program follows the Housing First model, a social intervention that proposes providing housing without preconditions to individuals with long histories of street living, who suffer from severe mental disorders and/or addictions. Based on individual interviews with 20 participants conducted between 2016 and 2020, it is observed that in certain cases, entering the program, having housing availability, support from professionals, and the development of their own strategies had positive effects on improving their health, although they continue to perceive discriminatory attitudes in some medical settings. It is suggested that the transformation regarding stigmatization be understood broadly, affecting individuals, institutions, and society as a whole.
无家可归的经历与强烈的污名化过程相关，这常常反映在专业人员以及医疗保健系统本身给予的对待方式上。本文旨在分析参与巴塞罗那一个针对无家可归者的项目（名为“Primer la Llar”）的人员在医疗保健系统中的经历，以及他们所遭受的污名如何影响护理过程。该项目遵循“住房优先”模式，这是一种社会干预措施，提议无条件地为有长期街头生活经历、患有严重精神障碍和/或成瘾问题的个人提供住房。基于2016年至2020年间对20名参与者进行的个人访谈发现，在某些情况下，加入该项目、有住房可住、得到专业人员的支持以及制定自己的策略对改善他们的健康产生了积极影响，尽管他们在一些医疗环境中仍会感受到歧视性态度。研究表明，应从广义上理解污名化的转变，它影响着个人、机构以及整个社会。
