Murugapandian Rama, Mohan Sundara Ganeasan, T M Sridhar, Nambi Raj N Arunai, Uthirapathy Vijayalakshmi
Centre for Nonlinear Systems, Chennai Institute of Technology, Chennai 600069, India.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, India.
ACS Omega. 2024 Jun 14;9(26):28072-28092. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01069. eCollection 2024 Jul 2.
An intensive idea of bone tissue engineering is to design regenerative nanofibrous scaffolds that could afford a natural extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment with the ability to induce cell proliferation, biodegradation, sustained drug release, and bioactivity. Even the mechanical properties and orientation of the nanofibers may enhance the performance of the scaffolds. To address this issue, we designed novel sandwich-like hybrid silk fibroin (SF)/silica/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers scaffolds. The developed scaffold was further characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental mapping, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), and water/blood contact angle measurements. Owing to the interfacial interaction between the layers of organic (chitosan/silk fibroin) and inorganic (silica) in the nanofibrous scaffold, a biocompatibility study has been made on an osteoblast-like (MG63) cell line, which has significant statistical differences; hemocompatibility and the mechanical profile were evaluated in detail to understand the suitability as a biomaterial. To endow the scaffold biodegradation rate, antibacterial activity, porosity profile, and cephalexin monohydrate (CEM), a drug-loading/drug release study was also performed for all of the nanofibers. This strategy explored superior mechanical strength with higher biomineralization on SF/silica/PVA nanofibers. Eventually, the proposed article compared the observation of monolayered scaffolds with designed sandwich-structured scaffolds for the enhancement of bone regeneration.
骨组织工程的一个重要理念是设计可再生的纳米纤维支架，这种支架能够提供天然的细胞外基质（ECM）微环境，具备诱导细胞增殖、生物降解、持续药物释放和生物活性的能力。甚至纳米纤维的机械性能和取向也可能增强支架的性能。为了解决这个问题，我们设计了新型的三明治状混合丝素蛋白（SF）/二氧化硅/聚乙烯醇（PVA）纳米纤维支架。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、元素映射、X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）以及水/血接触角测量等方法对所开发的支架进行了进一步表征。由于纳米纤维支架中有机层（壳聚糖/丝素蛋白）和无机层（二氧化硅）之间的界面相互作用，对成骨样（MG63）细胞系进行了生物相容性研究，结果具有显著的统计学差异；详细评估了血液相容性和机械性能，以了解其作为生物材料的适用性。为了赋予支架生物降解率、抗菌活性、孔隙率以及头孢氨苄一水合物（CEM），还对所有纳米纤维进行了载药/药物释放研究。该策略探索了SF/二氧化硅/PVA纳米纤维具有更高生物矿化作用的卓越机械强度。最终，本文比较了单层支架与设计的三明治结构支架在促进骨再生方面的观察结果。
