Atallah Elham, Trehiou Sabrina, Alquier-Bacquie Valérie, Lasserre Frédéric, Arroyo Julien, Molette Caroline, Remignon Hervé
Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
Euralis Gastronomie, Maubourguet, France.
Front Physiol. 2024 Jun 21;15:1392968. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1392968. eCollection 2024.
Male and female mule ducks were subjected to a force-feeding diet to induce liver steatosis as it is generally done only with male ducks for the production of foie gras. The different biochemical measurements indicated that the course of hepatic steatosis development was present in both sexes and associated with a huge increase in liver weight mainly due to the synthesis and accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes. In livers of male and female ducks, this lipid accumulation was associated with oxidative stress and hypoxia. However, certain specific modifications (kinetics of lipid droplet development and hepatic inflammation) indicate that female ducks may tolerate force-feeding less well, at least at the hepatic level. This is in contradiction with what is generally reported concerning hepatic steatosis induced by dietary disturbances in mammals but could be explained by the very specific conditions imposed by force-feeding. Despite this, force-feeding female ducks seems entirely feasible, provided that the final quality of the product is as good as that of the male ducks, which will remain to be demonstrated in future studies.
雄性和雌性骡鸭都接受填喂饮食以诱导肝脂肪变性，因为通常仅对雄鸭进行填喂以生产肥肝。不同的生化测量表明，肝脂肪变性的发展过程在两性中都存在，并且与肝脏重量的大幅增加有关，这主要是由于肝细胞中脂质的合成和积累。在雄性和雌性鸭的肝脏中，这种脂质积累与氧化应激和缺氧有关。然而，某些特定的变化（脂滴发育动力学和肝脏炎症）表明，雌性鸭可能对填喂的耐受性较差，至少在肝脏水平上是这样。这与通常报道的哺乳动物饮食紊乱引起的肝脂肪变性情况相矛盾，但可以通过填喂所施加的非常特殊的条件来解释。尽管如此，填喂雌性鸭似乎完全可行，前提是产品的最终质量与雄鸭的质量一样好，这还有待未来的研究来证明。
