Bhatia Ragini, Chauhan Anil, Rana Monika, Kaur Kulbir, Pradhan Pranita, Singh Meenu
Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Department of Telemedicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2024 Jul 5;28(3):e552-e558. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1767802. eCollection 2024 Jul.
The prevalence of otitis media (OM) is substantial all over the world. Epidemiological data related to the economic burden of OM globally is minimal. The present systematic review was undertaken to estimate the economic burden of this disease in various parts of the world. An extensive literature search was done using PRISMA guidelines to identify relevant studies that estimated the economic burden of OM in monetary terms. The databases searched were PubMed Central, Ovid, and Embase. The cost estimation was done for one specific year and then compared considering the inflation rate. The literature search led to the inclusion of 10 studies. The studies evaluated direct and indirect costs in monetary terms. Direct costs (health system and patient perspective) ranged from USD (United States Dollar) 122.64 (Netherlands) to USD 633.6 (USA) per episode of OM. Looking at only the patient perspective, the costs ranged from USD 19.32 (Oman) to USD 80.5 (Saudi Arabia). The total costs (direct and indirect) ranged from USD 232.7 to USD 977 (UK) per episode of OM. The economic burden per year was highest in the USA (USD 5 billion). The incidence of OM episodes was found more in children < 5 years old. Introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines decreased the incidence in children and now the prevalence in adults is of concern. The economic burden of OM is relatively high globally and addressing this public health burden is important. Approaches for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment should be undertaken by the health system to alleviate this disease burden.
中耳炎（OM）在全球范围内的患病率都很高。全球范围内与中耳炎经济负担相关的流行病学数据极少。本系统综述旨在评估世界各地区这种疾病的经济负担。
使用PRISMA指南进行了广泛的文献检索，以确定用货币术语估算中耳炎经济负担的相关研究。检索的数据库有PubMed Central、Ovid和Embase。成本估算针对某一特定年份进行，然后考虑通货膨胀率进行比较。
文献检索纳入了10项研究。这些研究从货币角度评估了直接成本和间接成本。直接成本（从卫生系统和患者角度）每例中耳炎从122.64美元（荷兰）到633.6美元（美国）不等。仅从患者角度看，成本从19.32美元（阿曼）到80.5美元（沙特阿拉伯）不等。每例中耳炎的总成本（直接和间接）从232.7美元到977美元（英国）不等。美国每年的经济负担最高（50亿美元）。发现5岁以下儿童中耳炎发作的发生率更高。肺炎球菌结合疫苗的引入降低了儿童的发病率，现在成人中的患病率令人担忧。
中耳炎的经济负担在全球相对较高，应对这一公共卫生负担很重要。卫生系统应采取预防、诊断和治疗方法来减轻这种疾病负担。
