Jin Yuchen, Dong Lingkang, Jiang Yumeng, Dong Wenqi, Li Zhuangzhuang, Lu Wen, Ma Qiang, Yu Dongzhen
Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2025 May 26. doi: 10.1007/s00405-025-09461-2.
Hearing loss in children has become a pressing public health issue, with otitis media (OM) being a leading cause. This study aims to comprehensively assess the prevalence and burden of OM-induced hearing loss in children.
Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database were used. We evaluated the Age-standardized Prevalence Rates (ASPR), Age-standardized Years Lived with Disability rates (ASYR), and Estimated Annual Percentage Changes (EAPC) over the past 32 years. The analysis included stratification, correlation analysis, and projections.
From 1990 to 2021, the global prevalence of OM-induced hearing loss in children under 15 years increased from 31.18 million cases to 34.71 million cases, representing an 11.32% increase. The ASPR slightly decreased from 1793.38 to 1725.39 per 100,000 children, with an EAPC of -0.13. Boys had a higher prevalence and burden compared to girls, and the highest ASPR and ASYR were observed in children aged 5-9 years. Regions with higher Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) showed significant reductions in both prevalence and burden, while low-middle SDI regions bore a heavier burden, with ASPR 1.81 times higher and cases number 6.08 times higher than high SDI regions. Additionally, East Asia showed the largest decrease, while South Asia had the highest ASPR.
Although the global burden of OM-induced hearing loss has improved, South Asia and low-middle SDI regions continue to face a significant burden, with insufficient healthcare resources likely being a major issue. Additionally, continuing to advance pneumococcal vaccination and other preventive measures is equally crucial for alleviating this burden.
儿童听力损失已成为一个紧迫的公共卫生问题，中耳炎（OM）是主要病因之一。本研究旨在全面评估中耳炎导致的儿童听力损失的患病率和负担。
使用全球疾病负担（GBD）数据库的数据。我们评估了过去32年的年龄标准化患病率（ASPR）、年龄标准化残疾生存年率（ASYR）和估计年百分比变化（EAPC）。分析包括分层、相关性分析和预测。
1990年至2021年，全球15岁以下儿童中耳炎导致的听力损失患病率从3118万例增加到3471万例，增长了11.32%。ASPR从每10万名儿童1793.38例略有下降至1725.39例，EAPC为-0.13。男孩的患病率和负担高于女孩，5至9岁儿童的ASPR和ASYR最高。社会人口指数（SDI）较高的地区患病率和负担均显著下降，而中低SDI地区负担较重，ASPR比高SDI地区高1.81倍，病例数比高SDI地区高6.08倍。此外，东亚下降幅度最大，而南亚的ASPR最高。
尽管中耳炎导致的听力损失全球负担有所改善，但南亚和中低SDI地区仍然面临重大负担，医疗资源不足可能是一个主要问题。此外，继续推进肺炎球菌疫苗接种和其他预防措施对于减轻这一负担同样至关重要。
