Niu Xiaohui, Wang Yuewei, Liu Yongqi, Yuan Mei, Zhang Jianying, Li Hongxia, Wang Kunjie
College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, 730050, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
Mikrochim Acta. 2024 Jul 10;191(8):458. doi: 10.1007/s00604-024-06534-7.
Chirality has an important impact on chemical and biological research, as most active substances are chiral. In recent decades, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are assembled from metal ions or clusters and organic linkers via metal-ligand bonding, have attracted considerable scientific interest due to their high crystallinity, exceptional porosity and tunable pore sizes, high modularity, and diverse functionalities. Since the discovery of the first functional chiral metal-organic frameworks (CMOFs), CMOFs have been involved in a variety of disciplines such as chemistry, physics, optics, medicine, and pharmacology. The introduction of defect engineering theory into CMOFs allows the construction of a class of defective CMOFs with high hydrothermal stability and multi-stage pore structure. The introduction of defects not only increases the active sites but also enlarges the pore sizes of the materials, which improves chiral recognition, separation, and catalytic reactions, and has been widely investigated in various fields. This review describes the design and synthesis of various defective CMOFs, their characterization, and applications. Finally, the development of the materials is summarized, and an outlook is given. This review should provide researchers with an insight into the design and study of complex defective CMOFs.
手性对化学和生物学研究具有重要影响，因为大多数活性物质都是手性的。近几十年来，金属有机框架（MOF）通过金属-配体键合由金属离子或簇与有机连接体组装而成，因其高结晶度、优异的孔隙率和可调孔径、高模块化以及多样的功能而引起了相当大的科学兴趣。自从发现第一个功能性手性金属有机框架（CMOF）以来，CMOF已涉及化学、物理、光学、医学和药理学等多个学科。将缺陷工程理论引入CMOF可以构建一类具有高水热稳定性和多级孔结构的缺陷CMOF。引入缺陷不仅增加了活性位点，还扩大了材料的孔径，从而改善了手性识别、分离和催化反应，并在各个领域得到了广泛研究。本文综述了各种缺陷CMOF的设计与合成、表征及应用。最后，总结了材料的发展情况并给出了展望。本文综述应为研究人员深入了解复杂缺陷CMOF的设计与研究提供参考。
