Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Research in Pure and Applied Sciences, School of Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be University), JC Road, Bengaluru 560027, Karnataka, India.
Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Research in Pure and Applied Sciences, School of Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be University), JC Road, Bengaluru 560027, Karnataka, India.
Int J Pharm. 2024 Aug 15;661:124401. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124401. Epub 2024 Jul 8.
The technique of engineering drug delivery vehicles continues to develop, which bring enhancements in working more efficiently and minimizing side effects to make it more effective and safer. The intense capability of therapeutic agents to remain undamaged in a harsh extracellular environment is helpful to the success of drug development efforts. With this in mind, alterations of biopharmaceuticals with enhanced stability and decreased immunogenicity have been an increasingly active focus of such efforts. Red blood cells (RBCs), also known as erythrocytes have undergone extensive scrutiny as potential vehicles for drug delivery due to their remarkable attributes over the years of research. These include intrinsic biocompatibility, minimal immunogenicity, flexibility, and prolonged systemic circulation. Throughout the course of investigation, a diverse array of drug delivery platforms based on RBCs has emerged. These encompass genetically engineered RBCs, non-genetically modified RBCs, and RBC membrane-coated nanoparticles, each devised to cater to a range of biomedical objectives. Given their prevalence in the circulatory system, RBCs have gained significant attention for their potential to serve as biomimetic coatings for artificial nanocarriers. By virtue of their surface emulation capabilities and customizable core materials, nanocarriers mimicking these RBCs, hold considerable promise across a spectrum of applications, spanning drug delivery, imaging, phototherapy, immunomodulation, sensing, and detection. These multifaceted functionalities underscore the considerable therapeutic and diagnostic potential across various diseases. Our proposed review provides the synthesis of recent strides in the theranostic utilization of erythrocytes in the context of cancer. It also delves into the principal challenges and prospects intrinsic to this realm of research. The focal point of this review pertains to accentuating the significance of erythrocyte-based theranostic systems in combating cancer. Furthermore, it precisely records the latest and the most specific methodologies for tailoring the attributes of these biomimetic nanoscale formulations, attenuating various discoveries for the treatment and management of cancer.
药物输送载体的技术不断发展，这使得药物能够更有效地发挥作用，并将副作用降至最低，从而使其更有效、更安全。治疗剂在恶劣的细胞外环境中保持完好无损的强大能力有助于药物开发工作的成功。考虑到这一点，增强稳定性和降低免疫原性的生物药物的改变一直是此类努力的一个日益活跃的焦点。红细胞（RBC），也称为红细胞，由于多年来的研究具有显著的特性，因此已被广泛研究作为药物输送的潜在载体。这些特性包括内在的生物相容性、最小的免疫原性、灵活性和延长的系统循环。在整个研究过程中，已经出现了多种基于 RBC 的药物输送平台。这些平台包括基因工程 RBC、非基因修饰 RBC 和 RBC 膜包被的纳米颗粒，每种平台都是为满足一系列生物医学目标而设计的。鉴于它们在循环系统中的普遍性，RBC 因其作为仿生涂层用于人工纳米载体的潜力而受到了极大的关注。由于其表面模拟能力和可定制的核心材料，模仿这些 RBC 的纳米载体在药物输送、成像、光疗、免疫调节、传感和检测等一系列应用中具有很大的应用潜力。这些多方面的功能突显了在各种疾病中具有相当大的治疗和诊断潜力。我们提出的综述提供了在癌症背景下红细胞治疗诊断应用的最新进展的综合。它还深入探讨了这一研究领域内在的主要挑战和前景。本综述的重点是强调基于红细胞的治疗诊断系统在对抗癌症方面的重要性。此外，它还准确地记录了最新的、最具体的方法，用于调整这些仿生纳米级配方的特性，衰减各种用于癌症治疗和管理的发现。
