Lee Hye Young, Kwon Yunhyung, Lee Sang-Eun, Kim Jieun, Choi Hoyong
Division of Tuberculosis Policy, Bureau of Infectious Disease Policy, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
Epidemiological Investigation Team, Central Disaster Safety and Countermeasure Headquarters, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2024 Jun;15(3):248-259. doi: 10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0228. Epub 2024 May 17.
Between July 2, 2021, and September 20, 2022, a Mycobacterium bovis outbreak occurred among exhibition animals at a zoo in the Republic of Korea. This study was conducted to assess the likelihood of M. bovis transmission to human contacts through a contact investigation and to implement preventive treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI).
In this descriptive study, the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency conducted a contact investigation, which included interviews, interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) tests, and chest X-rays. Contacts underwent IGRA testing on 2 occasions: initial testing of 29 contacts (15 in the first cluster of infection and 14 in the second cluster) and follow-up testing of the 15 contacts in the first cluster.
The study included 29 participants, 18 of whom were male (62.1%) and 11 female (37.9%). The mean participant age was 37.3 years (standard deviation, 9.6 years). In the initial IGRA tests, 6 of the 29 participants tested positive, indicating a prevalence of 20.7%. Following prolonged exposure, 1 additional positive case was detected in follow-up testing, raising the prevalence of LTBI to 24.1%. None of the contacts had active tuberculosis. Among the 7 individuals with positive results, 2 (28.6%) underwent treatment for LTBI.
This study faced challenges in confirming the transmission of M. bovis infection from infected animals to humans in the Republic of Korea. Nevertheless, adopting a One Health approach necessitates the implementation of surveillance systems and infection control protocols, particularly for occupational groups at high risk of exposure.
2021年7月2日至2022年9月20日期间，大韩民国一家动物园的展览动物中发生了牛分枝杆菌疫情。本研究旨在通过接触者调查评估牛分枝杆菌传播给人类接触者的可能性，并对潜伏性结核感染（LTBI）实施预防性治疗。
在这项描述性研究中，韩国疾病控制与预防机构进行了接触者调查，包括访谈、干扰素-γ释放试验（IGRA）检测和胸部X光检查。接触者接受了两次IGRA检测：对29名接触者（第一组感染中的15名和第二组感染中的14名）进行初次检测，并对第一组中的15名接触者进行随访检测。
该研究包括29名参与者，其中18名男性（62.1%），11名女性（37.9%）。参与者的平均年龄为37.3岁（标准差为9.6岁）。在初次IGRA检测中，29名参与者中有6名检测呈阳性，患病率为20.7%。经过长时间接触后，随访检测中又发现1例阳性病例，使LTBI患病率升至24.1%。所有接触者均无活动性结核病。在7名检测结果呈阳性的个体中，有2名（28.6%）接受了LTBI治疗。
本研究在确认大韩民国感染动物向人类传播牛分枝杆菌感染方面面临挑战。然而，采用“同一健康”方法需要实施监测系统和感染控制方案，特别是针对高暴露风险的职业群体。
