Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) Research Group, Reus, Spain.
Collaborative Group on Lifestyles, Nutrition, and Tobacco (CENIT), Institut d'Investigació en Atenció Primària IDIAP Jordi Gol. Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Reus, Spain.
Matern Child Nutr. 2024 Oct;20(4):e13700. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13700. Epub 2024 Jul 11.
There is an increasing prevalence of psychological issues in childhood. Lifestyle factors during pregnancy, including maternal nutrition, have been linked to children's behavioural development. This study aims to assess the impact of adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy on the behavioural problems of children at the age of 4. A total of 231 mother-child pairs were assessed. Maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy was estimated using a relative Mediterranean Diet Score (rMED). Behavioural outcomes were evaluated through the Child Behaviour Checklist 1½--5, Teacher's Report Form 1½-5, and Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool Version questionnaires. The results indicated that a higher rMED score during pregnancy was associated with a reduced probability of obtaining a clinical score for total problems (OR = 0.42; 95% IC from 0.21 to 0.85), including externalising (OR = 0.29; 95% IC from 0.14 to 0.62), attention problems (OR = 0.32; 95%IC from 0.15 to 0.70), attention-deficit/hyperactivity problems (OR = 0.36; 95% IC from 0.15 to 0.87), oppositional defiant problems (OR = 0.06; 95% IC from 0.06 to 0.75), and depressive problems (OR = 0.38; 95% IC from 0.15 to 0.96). This study highlights the importance of maternal diet, especially Mediterranean diet, during gestation for proper child development.
儿童心理问题日益普遍。孕期的生活方式因素，包括母体营养，与儿童行为发育有关。本研究旨在评估孕期遵循地中海饮食模式对 4 岁儿童行为问题的影响。共评估了 231 对母婴。孕期地中海饮食模式的依从性用相对地中海饮食评分（rMED）来评估。行为结果通过儿童行为检查表 1.5-5、教师报告表 1.5-5 和行为评定量表-执行功能学前版问卷进行评估。结果表明，孕期 rMED 评分较高与获得总问题临床评分的可能性降低相关（OR=0.42；95%CI 为 0.21 至 0.85），包括外化问题（OR=0.29；95%CI 为 0.14 至 0.62）、注意力问题（OR=0.32；95%CI 为 0.15 至 0.70）、注意力缺陷/多动障碍问题（OR=0.36；95%CI 为 0.15 至 0.87）、对立违抗性问题（OR=0.06；95%CI 为 0.06 至 0.75）和抑郁问题（OR=0.38；95%CI 为 0.15 至 0.96）。本研究强调了母体饮食，特别是孕期地中海饮食，对儿童正常发育的重要性。
