Senior Resident, Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India, Corresponding Author.
Professor, Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India.
J Assoc Physicians India. 2024 Jul;72(7):25-28. doi: 10.59556/japi.72.0410.
Recent research has shown that low serum levels of magnesium are often linked to both microvascular and macrovascular complications in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Hence, monitoring of serum magnesium levels is needed in diabetic patients. Furthermore, the addition of magnesium through supplementation may present a novel therapeutic strategy for mitigating vascular complications in individuals with diabetes.
To assess the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and to assess the association between hypomagnesemia and microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital in North Kerala.
An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital involving 230 diabetic patients receiving outpatient and inpatient care in the Department of Internal Medicine at Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala. The study took place from January 2018 to December 2018, during which serum magnesium levels were assessed and analyzed in relation to the patients' microvascular complications and glycemic control.
We observed that 19.13% of the participants had hypomagnesemia. This condition was found to be more common among older individuals with diabetes, as indicated by a -value of 0.022. However, there were no significant differences in serum magnesium levels based on gender (-value 0.18), body mass index (BMI) (-value 0.223), or the duration of diabetes (-value 0.36). The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic nephropathy was higher in diabetics with hypomagnesemia than their counterparts with normal magnesium, with a -value of 0.001, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively. There was a significant negative correlation obtained between serum magnesium and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) values (Pearson coefficient = -0.240 and -value = <0.01) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) values (Pearson coefficient = -0.265 and -value = <0.01).
Hypomagnesemia is negatively correlated with HbA1C and FBS but not related to duration of diabetes and gender. The prevalence of microvascular complications was higher among the diabetics with hypomagnesemia.
最近的研究表明，血清镁水平低与糖尿病患者的微血管和大血管并发症都有关联。因此，糖尿病患者需要监测血清镁水平。此外，通过补充镁可能为糖尿病患者的血管并发症提供一种新的治疗策略。
评估北喀拉拉邦一家三级护理医院 2 型糖尿病患者低镁血症的患病率，并评估低镁血症与糖尿病微血管并发症之间的关系。
在喀拉拉邦政府医学院内科接受门诊和住院治疗的 230 名糖尿病患者中进行了一项分析性横断面研究。该研究于 2018 年 1 月至 12 月进行，期间评估并分析了血清镁水平与患者微血管并发症和血糖控制的关系。
我们发现 19.13%的参与者存在低镁血症。结果表明，年龄较大的糖尿病患者中这种情况更为常见，P 值为 0.022。然而，血清镁水平在性别（P 值 0.18）、体重指数（BMI）（P 值 0.223）或糖尿病病程（P 值 0.36）方面没有显著差异。低镁血症的糖尿病患者发生糖尿病视网膜病变、糖尿病神经病变和糖尿病肾病的比例高于血清镁正常的患者，P 值分别为 0.001、0.001 和 0.001。血清镁与糖化血红蛋白（HbA1C）值（Pearson 系数 = -0.240，P 值 <0.01）和空腹血糖（FBS）值（Pearson 系数 = -0.265，P 值 <0.01）呈显著负相关。
低镁血症与 HbA1C 和 FBS 呈负相关，但与糖尿病病程和性别无关。低镁血症的糖尿病患者微血管并发症的患病率更高。
