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自然观影过程中事件边界强度与皮质层次上模式转移之间的关系。

The Relationship between Event Boundary Strength and Pattern Shifts across the Cortical Hierarchy during Naturalistic Movie-viewing.

机构信息

Johns Hopkins University.

出版信息

J Cogn Neurosci. 2024 Nov 1;36(11):2317-2342. doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_02213.

Abstract

Our continuous experience is spontaneously segmented by the brain into discrete events. However, the beginning of a new event (an event boundary) is not always sharply identifiable: Phenomenologically, event boundaries vary in salience. How are the response profiles of cortical areas at event boundaries modulated by boundary strength during complex, naturalistic movie-viewing? Do cortical responses scale in a graded manner with boundary strength, or do they merely detect boundaries in a binary fashion? We measured "cortical boundary shifts" as transient changes in multivoxel patterns at event boundaries with different strengths (weak, moderate, and strong), determined by across-participant agreement. Cortical regions with different processing timescales were examined. In auditory areas, which have short timescales, cortical boundary shifts exhibited a clearly graded profile in both group-level and individual-level analyses. In cortical areas with long timescales, including the default mode network, boundary strength modulated pattern shift magnitude at the individual participant level. We also observed a positive relationship between boundary strength and the extent of temporal alignment of boundary shifts across different levels of the cortical hierarchy. In addition, hippocampal activity was highest at event boundaries for which cortical boundary shifts were most aligned across hierarchical levels. Overall, we found that event boundary strength modulated cortical pattern shifts strongly in sensory areas and more weakly in higher-level areas and that stronger boundaries were associated with greater alignment of these shifts across the cortical hierarchy.

摘要

我们的连续体验会被大脑自发地分割成离散的事件。然而,新事件的开始(事件边界)并不总是能清晰地识别出来:从现象学的角度来看,事件边界的显著性是不同的。在观看复杂的自然电影时,大脑皮质区域在事件边界处的反应特征是如何被边界强度调节的?皮质反应是否以渐变的方式随边界强度而变化,还是仅仅以二进制的方式检测边界?我们通过跨参与者的一致性来测量不同强度(弱、中、强)的事件边界处多体素模式的“皮质边界转移”作为瞬时变化。我们研究了具有不同处理时间尺度的皮质区域。在具有短时间尺度的听觉区域中,皮质边界转移在组水平和个体水平分析中都表现出明显的渐变特征。在包括默认模式网络在内的具有长时间尺度的皮质区域中,边界强度在个体参与者水平上调节了模式转移幅度。我们还观察到,边界强度与不同皮质层次之间边界转移的时间对准程度之间存在正相关关系。此外,在皮质边界转移在不同层次之间最对齐的情况下,海马体活动在事件边界处最高。总的来说,我们发现事件边界强度在感觉区域强烈调节皮质模式转移,在更高层次的区域则较弱,并且更强的边界与这些转移在皮质层次之间的更大对齐度相关。

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