Ecotoxicology of Aquatic Microorganisms Laboratory, GRIL, EcotoQ, TOXEN, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal Succ. Centre-Ville, H3C 3P8 Montréal, QC, Canada.
Institut national de la recherche scientifique - Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 Couronne St, Québec City, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Oct 20;948:174663. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174663. Epub 2024 Jul 9.
The microbiota associated with aquatic plants plays a crucial role in promoting plant growth and development. The structure of the plant microbiome is shaped by intricate interactions among hosts, microbes, and environmental factors. Consequently, anthropogenic pressures that disrupt these interactions can indirectly impact the ecosystem services provided by aquatic plants, such as CO fixation, provision of food resources, shelter to animals, nutrient cycling, and water purification. Presently, studies on plant-microbiota interactions primarily focus on terrestrial hosts and overlook aquatic environments with their unique microbiomes. Therefore, there is a pressing need for a comprehensive understanding of plant microbiomes in aquatic ecosystems. This review delves into the overall composition of the microbiota associated with aquatic plant, with a particular emphasis on bacterial communities, which have been more extensively studied. Subsequently, the functions provided by the microbiota to their aquatic plants hosts are explored, including the acquisition and mobilization of nutrients, production of auxin and related compounds, enhancement of photosynthesis, and protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. Additionally, the influence of anthropogenic stressors, such as climate change and aquatic contamination, on the interaction between microbiota and aquatic plants is discussed. Finally, knowledge gaps are highlighted and future directions in this field are suggested.
与水生植物相关的微生物群落对促进植物的生长和发育起着至关重要的作用。植物微生物组的结构是由宿主、微生物和环境因素之间复杂的相互作用所塑造的。因此，破坏这些相互作用的人为压力会间接地影响水生植物提供的生态系统服务，如 CO2 固定、提供食物资源、为动物提供庇护所、营养循环和水净化。目前，关于植物-微生物组相互作用的研究主要集中在陆生宿主上，而忽视了具有独特微生物组的水生环境。因此，迫切需要全面了解水生生态系统中的植物微生物组。本综述深入探讨了与水生植物相关的微生物群落的总体组成，特别强调了细菌群落，因为它们已经得到了更广泛的研究。随后，探讨了微生物组为其水生植物宿主提供的功能，包括获取和移动营养物质、产生生长素和相关化合物、增强光合作用以及抵御生物和非生物胁迫。此外，还讨论了人为胁迫因素，如气候变化和水生污染，对微生物组和水生植物相互作用的影响。最后，强调了知识空白，并提出了该领域的未来方向。
