Tanabe Orthopedic Clinic, 3-3-11 Narimasu, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 175-0094, Japan.
Graduate School, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8402, Japan.
BMC Geriatr. 2024 Jul 12;24(1):601. doi: 10.1186/s12877-024-04995-2.
In aged society, health policies aimed at extending healthy life expectancy are critical. Maintaining physical activity is essential to prevent the deterioration of body functions. Therefore, it is important to understand the physical activity levels of the target age group and to know the content and intensity of the required physical activity quantitatively. Especially we focused the role of non-exercise activity thermogenesis and sedentary time, which are emphasized more than the introduction of exercise in cases of obesity or diabetes.
A total of 193 patients from 25 institutions were included. Participants underwent a locomotive syndrome risk test (stand-up test, 2-step test, and Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale-25 questionnaire) and were classified into three stages. Physical activity was quantitatively monitored for one week with 3-axial accelerometer. Physical activity was classified into three categories; (1) Sedentary behavior (0 ∼ ≤ 1.5 metabolic equivalents (METs)), (2) Light physical activity (LPA:1.6 ∼ 2.9 METs), and (3) Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA: ≥3 METs). We investigated the relationship between physical activity, including the number of steps, and the stages after gender- and age- adjustment. We also investigated the relationship between social isolation using Lubben's Social Network Scale (LSNS), as social isolation would lead to fewer opportunities to go out and less outdoor walking.
Comparison among the three stages showed significant difference for age (p = 0.007) and Body Mass Index (p < 0.001). After gender-and age-adjustment, there was a significant relation with a decrease in the number of steps (p = 0.002) and with MVPA. However, no relation was observed in sedentary time and LPA. LSNS did not show any statistically significant difference. Moderate to high-intensity physical activity and the number of steps is required for musculoskeletal disorders. The walking, not sedentary time, was associated to the locomotive stages, and this finding indicated the importance of lower extremity exercise.
Adjusting for age and gender, the number of steps and moderate to vigorous activity levels were necessary to prevent worsening, and there was no effect of sedentary behavior. Merely reducing sedentary time may be inadequate for locomotive disorders. It is necessary to engage in work or exercise that moves lower extremities more actively.
在老龄化社会中，旨在延长健康预期寿命的健康政策至关重要。保持身体活动对于防止身体功能恶化至关重要。因此，了解目标年龄组的身体活动水平，并定量了解所需身体活动的内容和强度非常重要。特别是，我们关注非运动活动产热和久坐时间的作用，在肥胖或糖尿病的情况下，这些作用比引入运动更为重要。
共纳入来自 25 个机构的 193 名患者。参与者接受了运动障碍综合征风险测试（站立测试、2 步测试和老年运动功能量表-25 问卷），并分为三个阶段。使用三轴加速度计对一周的身体活动进行定量监测。身体活动分为三类；（1）久坐行为（0≤1.5 代谢当量（METs）），（2）轻度体力活动（LPA：1.6≤2.9 METs）和（3）中等到剧烈体力活动（MVPA：≥3 METs）。我们调查了性别和年龄调整后的身体活动（包括步数）与阶段之间的关系。我们还调查了 Lubben 社会网络量表（LSNS）所反映的社会隔离与身体活动之间的关系，因为社会隔离会导致外出机会减少，户外活动减少。
三个阶段之间的比较显示，年龄（p=0.007）和体重指数（p<0.001）存在显著差异。性别和年龄调整后，与步数减少（p=0.002）和 MVPA 呈显著相关。然而，在久坐时间和 LPA 方面没有观察到关系。LSNS 没有显示出任何统计学上的显著差异。中高强度的体力活动和步数是预防肌肉骨骼疾病所必需的。步行而不是久坐时间与运动障碍阶段有关，这一发现表明下肢运动的重要性。
在调整年龄和性别后，步数和中高强度活动水平是预防病情恶化所必需的，而久坐行为则没有影响。仅仅减少久坐时间可能不足以预防运动障碍。有必要进行更积极的下肢运动的工作或锻炼。
