Gait variability analysed using an accelerometer is associated with locomotive syndrome among the general elderly population: The GAINA study.

BACKGROUND

Gait variability analysed using an accelerometer provides a unique measurement of locomotive dysfunction in patients with musculoskeletal disease or in frail elderly subjects. Therefore, assessing gait variability may become a clinical screening method for the locomotive syndrome. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether gait variability analysed using an accelerometer was associated with locomotive syndrome in the general elderly population.

METHODS

A total of 273 residents were screened after a yearly medical check-up, and of these, 223 subjects (mean age, 73.6 ± 8.3 years) met the eligibility criteria. Demographic information, body function and structure measurements (bone mass, grip strength, muscle mass, and postural alignment), and gait parameters were assessed. Gait variability analysis was based on acceleration using a wireless tri-axial accelerometer attached to the 3rd lumbar vertebra process by a trunk belt. Autocorrelation coefficients were used to represent gait variability in three directions: vertical, mediolateral, and anteroposterior. The subjects were classified as either having or not having the locomotive syndrome based on the 5-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale.

RESULTS

Of the 223 subjects, 41 (18.3%) had the locomotive syndrome. Autocorrelation coefficients in three directions were lower in the subjects with locomotive syndrome. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis with adjustment factors, of the autocorrelation coefficients only gait variability in the vertical axis remained a significant independent associated with the locomotive syndrome.

CONCLUSION

This finding suggested that gait variability based on evaluation of autocorrelation coefficients in the vertical axis measured using an accelerometer has the potential to become a screening method for the locomotive syndrome in the general elderly population.