2022 年埃塞俄比亚东沃莱加地区 Sasiga 农村地区 1 至 9 岁儿童活动性沙眼及相关因素：一项基于社区的横断面研究。

Active trachoma and associated factors in children aged 1 to 9 years living in Sasiga rural districts, East Wallaga Zone, Ethiopia, in 2022: a community- based cross-sectional study.

机构信息

Department of public health, Institute of health sciences, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia.

出版信息

BMC Ophthalmol. 2024 Jul 12;24(1):284. doi: 10.1186/s12886-024-03558-8.

DOI:10.1186/s12886-024-03558-8

PMID:38997653

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11245829/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Trachoma, caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatous, is a contagious eye condition that frequently affects children and quickly spreads from child to child and from child to caregiver. The study aimed to assess the distribution of active trachoma and its associated risk factors among children 1-9 years aged in Households of Sasiga Rural District, Western Ethiopia, in 2022.

METHODS

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 577 randomly selected children from March to May 2022. A multistage sampling technique was used. Data was collected through an interviewer-based questionnaire, physical observation, and clinical eye examinations. Epi Data 3.1 was used for data entry. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 24. Bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regressions were performed. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to identify factors associated with active trachoma. A P-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

The distribution of Active Trachoma among children 1-9 years aged in Households of the study area was 9.5%(95%CI:7.11,11.89). Being from a low-income household with a monthly income of less than 1500 ETB [AOR = 3.49, 95% CI: 1.39, 8.75], Households where the nearest water supply is more than 30 min away [AOR = 8.34, 95%CI: 1.89, 36.73], households with only one room [AOR = 2.98, 95%CI: 1.027, 8.68], and presence of feces in the compound of the households [AOR = 3.08, 95%CI: 1.41, 6.75] were associated with active trachoma in 1-9 years aged children living in the study setting.

CONCLUSION

The distribution of Active Trachoma among children 1-9 years aged in Households of the study area was found to be high. Monthly income, the time it took to get water for home use, and the presence of feces in household compounds were all linked to active trachoma in children living in the study area. As a result, continuous sanitary education on trachoma transmission and prevention should be strengthened in the district.

摘要

背景

沙眼是由沙眼衣原体引起的传染性眼部疾病，常影响儿童，且迅速在儿童、儿童与照护者之间传播。本研究旨在评估 2022 年埃塞俄比亚西部 Sasiga 农村地区家庭中 1-9 岁儿童中活动性沙眼的分布及其相关危险因素。

方法

2022 年 3 月至 5 月期间，采用多阶段抽样技术，对 577 名随机抽取的儿童进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。通过访谈式问卷、体格检查和临床眼部检查收集数据。使用 Epi Data 3.1 进行数据录入。采用 SPSS 24 版进行数据分析。采用双变量和多变量二项逻辑回归进行分析。在多变量逻辑回归分析中，采用调整后的比值比及其 95%置信区间来识别与活动性沙眼相关的因素。P 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。

结果

研究地区 1-9 岁儿童中活动性沙眼的分布为 9.5%（95%CI：7.11，11.89）。来自低收入家庭（月收入低于 1500 埃比尔）[比值比（AOR）=3.49，95%CI：1.39，8.75]、距离最近水源超过 30 分钟的家庭[AOR=8.34，95%CI：1.89，36.73]、只有一个房间的家庭[AOR=2.98，95%CI：1.027，8.68]和家庭院落中存在粪便[AOR=3.08，95%CI：1.41，6.75]与研究环境中 1-9 岁儿童的活动性沙眼有关。