Zorkóczy Orsolya K, Wagenhoffer Zsombor, Lehotzky Pál, Pádár Zsolt, Zenke Petra
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Institute for Animal Breeding, Nutrition and Laboratory Animal Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary.
Hungarian Hunters' National Chamber, H-1027 Budapest, Hungary.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Jun 28;14(13):1911. doi: 10.3390/ani14131911.
The evidential value of an mtDNA match between biological remains and their potential donor is determined by the random match probability of the haplotype. This probability is based on the haplotype's population frequency estimate. Consequently, implementing a population study representative of the population relevant to a forensic case is vital to correctly evaluating the evidence. The emerging number of poaching cases and the limited availability of such data emphasizes the need for an improved fallow deer mtDNA population databank for forensic purposes, including targeting the entire mitochondrial control region. By sequencing a 945-base-pair-long segment of the mitochondrial control region in 138 animals from five populations in Hungary, we found four different haplotypes, including one which had not yet been described. Our results, supplemented with data already available from previous research, do not support the possibility of determining the population of origin, although some patterns of geographical separation can be distinguished. Estimates of molecular diversity indicate similarly low mtDNA diversity (Hd = 0.565 and π = 0.002) compared to data from other countries. The calculated random match probability of 0.547 shows a high probability of coincidence and, therefore, a limited capacity for exclusion. Our results indicate that despite the overall low genetic diversity of mtDNA within the Hungarian fallow deer samples, a pattern of differentiation among the regions is present, which can have relevance from a forensic point of view.
生物遗骸与其潜在供体之间线粒体DNA（mtDNA）匹配的证据价值由单倍型的随机匹配概率决定。该概率基于单倍型的群体频率估计。因此，开展一项能代表与法医案件相关群体的群体研究对于正确评估证据至关重要。偷猎案件数量不断增加，而此类数据的可用性有限，这凸显了建立一个用于法医目的的改良狍mtDNA群体数据库的必要性，包括针对整个线粒体控制区。通过对来自匈牙利五个群体的138只动物的线粒体控制区一段945个碱基对长的片段进行测序，我们发现了四种不同的单倍型，其中一种尚未被描述过。我们的结果，再加上先前研究已有的数据，不支持确定来源群体的可能性，尽管可以区分一些地理隔离模式。分子多样性估计表明，与其他国家的数据相比，狍的mtDNA多样性同样较低（单倍型多样性Hd = 0.565，核苷酸多样性π = 0.002）。计算得出的随机匹配概率为0.547，显示巧合概率较高，因此排除能力有限。我们的结果表明，尽管匈牙利狍样本中线粒体DNA的总体遗传多样性较低，但各区域之间存在分化模式，从法医角度来看这可能具有相关性。
