Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, 51013, Babylon, Iraq.
Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology for Post Graduate Studies, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Arch Razi Inst. 2023 Apr 30;78(2):633-642. doi: 10.22092/ARI.2022.359477.2429. eCollection 2023 Apr.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor1 Receptor (Exon2) (IGF1R) gene plays a vital role in physiological impacts, such as growth, development, reproduction, and metabolism. A significant difference was noted between the IGR1R (exon 2) gene and the body weight of . In addition, the heterozygosity pattern (AB) was significantly higher than the other pattern (AA). There are three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; 144G>C, 147A>G, and 210A>C) within the IGF-1R (exon 2) locus. The statistical analyses indicated the presence of three different haplotypes (GAA, CAA, and GGC). The analysis of relative frequencies indicated that the most frequent haplotype in the studied population was Hap3 (GGC) (43.4782%) out of the three observed haplotypes. The results of SSCP-PCR revealed the variability of the target gene between the genotype frequencies in Fallow deer () with a high level of significance (≤0.01) with two patterns (AA and AB) and an absence of BB pattern. The allele frequency of AA record a high level (71.74%) than the other genotype (AB) (28.26%), with a high-frequency level of the A allele (0.86) than the B allele (0.14). In current findings, SSCP genotyped in the DNA observed an estimated 72% monomorphic loci and 28% polymorphic loci approximately. Hardy Weinberg equilibrium test (HW) was applied to the SSCP-PCR data matrix, and the statistical test was based on a chi-square (χ) test. Chi-square was (55.928%) with a highly significant level (≤0.01) recorded in the present study. As related to AA and AB genotypes mean, a significant difference (≤0.05) was noted between IGF1R (exon 2) gene with a body weight of , as well as the heterozygosity pattern (AB), was significantly (≤0.05) higher than the other pattern (AA) (30.34±3.01kg versus 24.85±1.94kg), respectively. A significant impact (≤0.05) between IGF1R (exon2) polymorphism and heart girth was founded to be related to the AB pattern (heterozygous) (76.92 ± 3.20 cm), whereas the lower value was related to the AA pattern (71.33 ± 2.49 cm). No significant differences in effects were shown in relation to body length and height at the shoulder. The present study is also interested in genetic characterization by calculating (Ne) as a tool for genetic diversity. Therefore, the number of alleles detected (Na) indicates that two alleles only were unique in the population of the study, with (1.3204) being the number of efficient alleles (Ne). Moreover, Shannon's Information index was recorded at 0.4073. The observed homozygosity (O.Hom.) and heterozygosity (HO) were (0.7174 and 0.2826), respectively. The values of expected homozygosity (E.Hom.) and heterozygosity (HE) were 0.7547 and 0.2453, respectively. The genetic diversity of Nei was 0.2427. The results showed an unexpected influx of IGF1R diversity measured by Fis and recorded the value (- 0.1646). In this sense, the results of the current study may be considered an approximation to the total genetic diversity of the population of Dama dama in Iraq, but the information obtained is relevant to proposing the strategies of conservation for the genetic diversity observed.
胰岛素样生长因子 1 受体（外显子 2）（IGF1R）基因在生理影响方面发挥着重要作用，例如生长、发育、繁殖和新陈代谢。IGR1R（外显子 2）基因与体重之间存在显著差异。此外，杂合模式（AB）显著高于其他模式（AA）。IGF-1R（外显子 2）基因座内有三个单核苷酸多态性（SNP；144G>C、147A>G 和 210A>C）。统计分析表明存在三种不同的单倍型（GAA、CAA 和 GGC）。相对频率分析表明，在所研究的种群中，最常见的单倍型是 Hap3（GGC）（43.4782%），而观察到的三种单倍型中，Hap3（GGC）的频率最高。SSCP-PCR 结果表明，在赤鹿种群中，基因型频率之间的目标基因存在可变性，差异具有高度显著性（≤0.01），存在两种模式（AA 和 AB），不存在 BB 模式。AA 等位基因的频率记录为 71.74%，高于另一种基因型（AB）（28.26%），A 等位基因的高频水平为 0.86，而 B 等位基因的高频水平为 0.14。在目前的研究中，SSCP 在 DNA 中的基因型观察到大约 72%的单态性位点和 28%的多态性位点。Hardy Weinberg 平衡检验（HW）应用于 SSCP-PCR 数据矩阵，统计检验基于卡方（χ）检验。卡方值为 55.928%，具有高度显著性（≤0.01）。关于 AA 和 AB 基因型的平均值，IGF1R（外显子 2）基因与体重之间存在显著差异（≤0.05），以及杂合性模式（AB）显著高于其他模式（AA）（30.34±3.01kg 与 24.85±1.94kg）。IGF1R（exon2）多态性与胸围之间存在显著影响（≤0.05），与 AB 模式（杂合子）相关（76.92±3.20cm），而 AA 模式的相关值较低（71.33±2.49cm）。在与体长和肩高相关的方面，没有表现出对效应的显著差异。本研究还对遗传特征感兴趣，通过计算（Ne）作为遗传多样性的工具。因此，检测到的等位基因数（Na）表明，在研究种群中只有两个等位基因是独特的，有效等位基因（Ne）数为 1.3204。此外，Shannon 的信息指数记录为 0.4073。观察到的纯合度（O.Hom.）和杂合度（HO）分别为 0.7174 和 0.2826。预期的纯合度（E.Hom.）和杂合度（HE）分别为 0.7547 和 0.2453。Nei 的遗传多样性为 0.2427。结果显示，IGF1R 多样性的意外流入由 Fis 衡量，并记录了值（-0.1646）。从这个意义上说，本研究的结果可以被认为是对伊拉克赤鹿种群总遗传多样性的近似，但所获得的信息与提出观察到的遗传多样性保护策略有关。
