Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multi-Sites (LBMMS), Hôpital Lyon-Sud-Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France.
Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), 69007 Lyon, France.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jul 1;25(13):7261. doi: 10.3390/ijms25137261.
Selenium is an essential trace element in our diet, crucial for the composition of human selenoproteins, which include 25 genes such as glutathione peroxidases and thioredoxin reductases. The regulation of the selenoproteome primarily hinges on the bioavailability of selenium, either from dietary sources or cell culture media. This selenium-dependent control follows a specific hierarchy, with "housekeeping" selenoproteins maintaining constant expression while "stress-regulated" counterparts respond to selenium level fluctuations. This study investigates the variability in fetal bovine serum (FBS) selenium concentrations among commercial batches and its effects on the expression of specific stress-related cellular selenoproteins. Despite the limitations of our study, which exclusively used HEK293 cells and focused on a subset of selenoproteins, our findings highlight the substantial impact of serum selenium levels on selenoprotein expression, particularly for GPX1 and GPX4. The luciferase reporter assay emerged as a sensitive and precise method for evaluating selenium levels in cell culture environments. While not exhaustive, this analysis provides valuable insights into selenium-mediated selenoprotein regulation, emphasizing the importance of serum composition in cellular responses and offering guidance for researchers in the selenoprotein field.
硒是我们饮食中的一种必需微量元素，对于人类硒蛋白的组成至关重要，其中包括 25 种基因，如谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和硫氧还蛋白还原酶。硒蛋白组的调节主要取决于硒的生物利用度，无论是来自饮食来源还是细胞培养基。这种依赖于硒的控制遵循特定的层次结构，“管家”硒蛋白保持恒定的表达，而“应激调节”的对应物则对硒水平的波动做出反应。本研究调查了商业批次胎牛血清（FBS）中硒浓度的可变性及其对特定应激相关细胞硒蛋白表达的影响。尽管我们的研究存在局限性，仅使用了 HEK293 细胞且仅关注了一部分硒蛋白，但我们的发现强调了血清硒水平对硒蛋白表达的重大影响，特别是对 GPX1 和 GPX4。荧光素酶报告基因检测法已成为评估细胞培养环境中硒水平的敏感而精确的方法。虽然不全面，但这种分析为硒介导的硒蛋白调节提供了有价值的见解，强调了血清成分在细胞反应中的重要性，并为硒蛋白领域的研究人员提供了指导。
