Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jul 1;25(13):7265. doi: 10.3390/ijms25137265.
Circadian disruption increases the development of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. We found that circadian disruption causes glucose intolerance, cardiac fibrosis and adipocyte tissue dysfunction in male sand rats, . Whether these effects occur in female is unknown. Male and female were fed a high energy diet and exposed to a neutral (12 light:12 dark, control) or short (5 light:19 dark, circadian disruption) photoperiod for 20 weeks. Circadian disruption impaired glucose tolerance in males but not females. It also increased cardiac perivascular fibrosis and cardiac expression of inflammatory marker in males, with no effect in females. Females had reduced proapoptotic mRNA and cardiac hypertrophy ratio. Cardiac protection in females occurred despite reductions in the clock gene . Circadian disruption increased adipocyte hypertrophy in both males and females. This was concomitant with a reduction in adipocyte differentiation markers and in males and females, respectively. Circadian disruption increased visceral adipose expression of inflammatory mediators , and and reduced browning marker in males. However, these changes were not observed in females. Collectively, our study show that sex differentially influences the effects of circadian disruption on glucose tolerance, cardiac function and adipose tissue dysfunction.
昼夜节律紊乱会增加心血管疾病和糖尿病的发展风险。我们发现，昼夜节律紊乱会导致雄性沙鼠出现葡萄糖耐量异常、心脏纤维化和脂肪组织功能障碍，而这种情况是否会发生在雌性沙鼠身上尚不清楚。雄性和雌性沙鼠均喂食高能饮食，并接受中性（12 光照：12 黑暗，对照）或短光照（5 光照：19 黑暗，昼夜节律紊乱）光周期 20 周。昼夜节律紊乱会损害雄性沙鼠的葡萄糖耐量，但不会影响雌性沙鼠。它还会增加雄性沙鼠心脏血管周围纤维化和心脏炎症标志物 的表达，而对雌性沙鼠没有影响。雌性沙鼠的促凋亡 mRNA 和心脏肥大比值降低。尽管时钟基因 的表达减少，雌性沙鼠仍能起到心脏保护作用。昼夜节律紊乱会增加雄性和雌性沙鼠的脂肪细胞肥大。这伴随着脂肪细胞分化标志物 在雄性和 在雌性中的分别减少。昼夜节律紊乱会增加雄性内脏脂肪组织中炎症介质 的表达，以及 和 ，并减少褐色标记物 。然而，这些变化在雌性沙鼠中并未观察到。总的来说，我们的研究表明，性别会对昼夜节律紊乱对葡萄糖耐量、心脏功能和脂肪组织功能障碍的影响产生差异。
