Chiper Titire Larisa, Muntenita Cristian
Faculty of Engineering, "Dunărea de Jos" University, 800008 Galati, Romania.
Polymers (Basel). 2024 Jul 5;16(13):1920. doi: 10.3390/polym16131920.
The aim of this study is to analyze the ballistic impact behavior of a panel made of Twaron CT736 fabric with a 9 mm Full Metal Jacket (FMJ) projectile. Three shots are fired at different velocities at this panel. The ballistic impact test procedure was carried out in accordance with NIJ 010106. The NIJ-010106 standard is a document that specifies the minimum performance requirements that protection systems must meet to ensure performance. The 9 mm FMJ projectile is, according to NIJ 010106, in threat level II, but the impact velocity is in threat level IIIA. Analysis of macro-photographs of the impact of the Twaron CT736 laminated fabric panel with a 9 mm FMJ projectile involves a detailed examination of the images to gather information about the material performance and failure mechanisms at the macro- or even meso-level (fabric/layer, thread). In this paper, we analyze numerically and experimentally a panel consisting of 32 layers, made of a single material, on impact with a 9 mm FMJ projectile. The experimental results show that following impact of the panel with three projectiles, with velocities between 414 m/s and 428 m/s, partial penetration occurs, with a different number of layers destroyed, i.e., 15 layers in the case of the projectile velocity of 414 m/s, 20 layers of material in the case of the panel velocity of 422 m/s and 22 layers destroyed in the case of the projectile velocity of 428 m/s. Validation of the simulated model is achieved by two important criteria: the number of broken layers and the qualitative appearance. Four numerical models were simulated, of which three models validated the impact results of the three projectiles that impacted the panel. Partial penetration occurs in all four models, breaking the panel in the impact area, with only one exception, i.e., the number of layers destroyed, in which case the simulation did not validate the validation criterion. The performance of Twaron CT736 fabric is also given by the indentation depth values by two methods: according to NIJ 0101.06 and by 3D scanning. The NIJ 010106 standard specifies that a panel provides protection when the indentation depth values are less than 0.44 mm.
本研究的目的是分析由特沃纶CT736织物制成的面板在受到9毫米全金属被甲（FMJ）弹丸撞击时的弹道冲击行为。以不同速度向该面板发射三发子弹。弹道冲击试验程序是按照美国国家司法研究所（NIJ）010106进行的。NIJ - 010106标准是一份规定了防护系统必须满足以确保性能的最低性能要求的文件。根据NIJ 010106，9毫米FMJ弹丸处于威胁等级II，但冲击速度处于威胁等级IIIA。对特沃纶CT736层压织物面板与9毫米FMJ弹丸撞击的宏观照片进行分析，需要对图像进行详细检查，以收集有关材料性能和宏观甚至细观层面（织物/层、线）失效机制的信息。在本文中，我们对由单一材料制成的32层面板在受到9毫米FMJ弹丸撞击时进行了数值分析和实验分析。实验结果表明，在面板受到三发速度介于414米/秒和428米/秒之间的弹丸撞击后，出现了部分穿透，被破坏的层数不同，即弹丸速度为414米/秒时为15层，面板速度为422米/秒时为20层材料，弹丸速度为428米/秒时为22层被破坏。模拟模型的验证通过两个重要标准实现：破碎层数和定性外观。模拟了四个数值模型，其中三个模型验证了撞击面板的三发子弹的冲击结果。所有四个模型中都出现了部分穿透，在撞击区域使面板破碎，只有一个例外，即被破坏的层数，在这种情况下模拟未验证验证标准。特沃纶CT736织物的性能还通过两种方法得出的压痕深度值来体现：根据NIJ 0101.06和通过3D扫描。NIJ 010106标准规定，当压痕深度值小于0.44毫米时，面板提供防护。
