Lloyd Rachel, Pirikahu Sarah, Walter Jane, Cadby Gemma, Warrington Nicole, Perera Dilukshi, Hickey Martha, Saunders Christobel, Hackmann Michael, Sampson David D, Shepherd John, Lilge Lothar, Stone Jennifer
Genetic Epidemiology Group, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Jun 30;16(13):2418. doi: 10.3390/cancers16132418.
Breast density is a strong intermediate endpoint to investigate the association between early-life exposures and breast cancer risk. This study investigates the association between early-life growth and breast density in young adult women measured using Optical Breast Spectroscopy (OBS) and Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). OBS measurements were obtained for 536 female Raine Cohort Study participants at ages 27-28, with 268 completing DXA measurements. Participants with three or more height and weight measurements from ages 8 to 22 were used to generate linear growth curves for height, weight and body mass index (BMI) using SITAR modelling. Three growth parameters (size, velocity and timing) were examined for association with breast density measures, adjusting for potential confounders. Women who reached their peak height rapidly (velocity) and later in adolescence (timing) had lower OBS-breast density. Overall, women who were taller (size) had higher OBS-breast density. For weight, women who grew quickly (velocity) and later in adolescence (timing) had higher absolute DXA-breast density. Overall, weight (size) was also inversely associated with absolute DXA-breast density, as was BMI. These findings provide new evidence that adolescent growth is associated with breast density measures in young adult women, suggesting potential mediation pathways for breast cancer risk in later life.
乳腺密度是研究早期暴露与乳腺癌风险之间关联的一个重要中间终点。本研究调查了使用光学乳腺光谱法（OBS）和双能X线吸收法（DXA）测量的年轻成年女性早期生长与乳腺密度之间的关联。对536名参加Raine队列研究的女性在27 - 28岁时进行了OBS测量，其中268人完成了DXA测量。利用SITAR模型，对8至22岁有三次或更多身高和体重测量值的参与者生成身高、体重和体重指数（BMI）的线性生长曲线。研究了三个生长参数（大小、速度和时间）与乳腺密度测量值之间的关联，并对潜在混杂因素进行了调整。青春期身高增长迅速（速度）且较晚达到峰值（时间）的女性，其OBS测量的乳腺密度较低。总体而言，身材较高（大小）的女性OBS测量的乳腺密度较高。对于体重，青春期体重增长迅速（速度）且较晚达到峰值（时间）的女性，其DXA测量的绝对乳腺密度较高。总体而言，体重（大小）以及BMI与DXA测量的绝对乳腺密度也呈负相关。这些发现提供了新的证据，表明青少年生长与年轻成年女性的乳腺密度测量值有关，提示了晚年乳腺癌风险的潜在中介途径。
