Departamento de Química Inorgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ 24020-150, Brazil.
Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, CT, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil.
ACS Infect Dis. 2024 Aug 9;10(8):2485-2506. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00231. Epub 2024 Jul 13.
Leishmaniasis, a critical Neglected Tropical Disease caused by protozoa, represents a significant global health risk, particularly in resource-limited regions. Conventional treatments are effective but suffer from serious limitations, such as toxicity, prolonged treatment courses, and rising drug resistance. Herein, we highlight the potential of inorganic nanomaterials as an innovative approach to enhance Leishmaniasis therapy, aligning with the One Health concept by considering these treatments' environmental, veterinary, and public health impacts. By leveraging the adjustable properties of these nanomaterials─including size, shape, and surface charge, tailored treatments for various diseases can be developed that are less harmful to the environment and nontarget species. We review recent advances in metal-, oxide-, and carbon-based nanomaterials for combating Leishmaniasis, examining their mechanisms of action and their dual use as standalone treatments or drug delivery systems. Our analysis highlights a promising yet underexplored frontier in employing these materials for more holistic and effective disease management.
利什曼病是一种由原生动物引起的严重被忽视热带病，对全球健康构成重大威胁，特别是在资源有限的地区。传统的治疗方法虽然有效，但存在严重的局限性，如毒性、治疗过程漫长以及耐药性上升等问题。本文强调了无机纳米材料作为一种创新方法的潜力，以增强利什曼病的治疗效果，同时考虑到这些治疗方法对环境、兽医和公共卫生的影响，符合“One Health”理念。通过利用这些纳米材料的可调特性，包括尺寸、形状和表面电荷，可以为各种疾病开发出毒性更小、对环境和非目标物种危害更小的定制化治疗方法。我们综述了金属、氧化物和碳基纳米材料在治疗利什曼病方面的最新进展，研究了它们的作用机制，以及将它们作为单一治疗方法或药物传递系统的双重用途。我们的分析强调了在更全面、更有效的疾病管理中使用这些材料的一个有前途但尚未充分探索的前沿领域。
