Demographic and Determinants of Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Geriatria, Mexico City, Mexico.
Demography and Determinants of Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Geriatria, Mexico City, Mexico.
BMJ Open. 2024 Jul 13;14(7):e075035. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075035.
Depression in ageing adults is a public health problem. Worldwide studies have identified social and health risk factors for depressive symptoms. However, little is known about their longitudinal determinants in Mexico.
To find the prevalence of depressive symptoms and their longitudinal individual and contextual risk factors in Mexican adults aged 50 and older.
Secondary data of 6460 persons aged 50 years and older from the Mexican Health and Aging Study were analysed using a 'between-within' panel data analysis approach.
The prevalence of depressive symptoms increased from 35% in 2003 to 38% in 2015. The significantly longitudinal factors associated with these symptoms were getting older (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.03), being a woman (OR 2.39, 95% CI 2.16 to 2.64), less time spent in formal education (0 years and less than 6 years OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.32 to 1.75 and OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.50, respectively), lower net worth (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.17), being recently unemployed (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.25), increased (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.25) or increasing number (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.31) of chronic conditions, poor (OR 4.68, 95% CI 4.26 to 5.15) or worsened (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.61 to 1.81) self-rated health and having impairments on instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) (OR 2.94 95% CI 2.35 to 3.67) or a new IADL impairment (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.48 to 1.89), as well as having impairments on ADLs (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.86) or a new ADL impairment (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.48).
The prevalence of depressive symptoms in Mexican adults aged 50 and older is high. Our findings show that they are longitudinally associated with the individual's demographic, socioeconomic, health and disability characteristics. Efforts in public policy should focus on preventing chronic conditions and disability, as well as fighting inequalities to reduce the prevalence of depressive symptoms.
老年人的抑郁症是一个公共卫生问题。全球范围内的研究已经确定了与抑郁症状相关的社会和健康风险因素。然而，人们对墨西哥的纵向决定因素知之甚少。
本研究旨在确定墨西哥 50 岁及以上成年人中抑郁症状的流行率及其纵向个体和背景风险因素。
使用“个体内-个体间”面板数据分析方法对墨西哥健康老龄化研究中的 6460 名 50 岁及以上的成年人的二级数据进行了分析。
2003 年至 2015 年期间，抑郁症状的流行率从 35%上升至 38%。与这些症状相关的显著纵向因素包括年龄增长（OR 1.02，95%CI 1.01 至 1.03）、女性（OR 2.39，95%CI 2.16 至 2.64）、受正规教育时间较短（0 年和不足 6 年 OR 1.52，95%CI 1.32 至 1.75 和 OR 1.33，95%CI 1.19 至 1.50）、净资产较低（OR 1.13，95%CI 1.08 至 1.17）、最近失业（OR 1.25，95%CI 1.10 至 1.25）、慢性疾病数量增加（OR 1.17，95%CI 1.10 至 1.25）或增加（OR 1.23，95%CI 1.15 至 1.31）、自评健康状况较差（OR 4.68，95%CI 4.26 至 5.15）或恶化（OR 1.71，95%CI 1.61 至 1.81）以及日常生活活动（IADLs）方面存在障碍（OR 2.94，95%CI 2.35 至 3.67）或出现新的 IADL 障碍（OR 1.67，95%CI 1.48 至 1.89），以及存在日常生活活动（ADLs）障碍（OR 1.51，95%CI 1.23 至 1.86）或出现新的 ADLs 障碍（OR 1.34，95%CI 1.21 至 1.48）。
墨西哥 50 岁及以上成年人中抑郁症状的流行率较高。我们的研究结果表明，这些症状与个体的人口统计学、社会经济、健康和残疾特征呈纵向相关。公共政策应致力于预防慢性疾病和残疾，以及消除不平等现象，以降低抑郁症状的流行率。
