重配无能力的减毒活流感疫苗和复制子流感疫苗可增强仔猪对流感的抵抗力。

Reassortment incompetent live attenuated and replicon influenza vaccines provide improved protection against influenza in piglets.

作者信息

Graaf-Rau Annika, Schmies Kathrin, Breithaupt Angele, Ciminski Kevin, Zimmer Gert, Summerfield Artur, Sehl-Ewert Julia, Lillie-Jaschniski Kathrin, Helmer Carina, Bielenberg Wiebke, Grosse Beilage Elisabeth, Schwemmle Martin, Beer Martin, Harder Timm

机构信息

Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Greifswald, Germany.

Field Station for Epidemiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bakum, Germany.

出版信息

NPJ Vaccines. 2024 Jul 13;9(1):127. doi: 10.1038/s41541-024-00916-x.

DOI:10.1038/s41541-024-00916-x

PMID:39003272

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11246437/

Abstract

Swine influenza A viruses (swIAV) cause an economically important respiratory disease in modern pig production. Continuous virus transmission and antigenic drift are difficult to control in enzootically infected pig herds. Here, antibody-positive piglets from a herd enzootically infected with swIAV H1N2 (clade 1 A.3.3.2) were immunized using a homologous prime-boost vaccination strategy with novel live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) based on a reassortment-incompetent bat influenza-swIAV chimera or a vesicular stomatitis virus-based replicon vaccine. Challenge infection of vaccinated piglets by exposure to H1N2 swIAV-infected unvaccinated seeder pigs showed that both LAIV and replicon vaccine markedly reduced virus replication in the upper and lower respiratory tract, respectively, compared to piglets immunized with commercial heterologous or autologous adjuvanted whole-inactivated virus vaccines. Our novel vaccines may aid in interrupting continuous IAV transmission chains in large enzootically infected pig herds, improve the health status of the animals, and reduce the risk of zoonotic swIAV transmission.

摘要

甲型猪流感病毒（swIAV）在现代养猪生产中引发一种具有重要经济影响的呼吸道疾病。在地方流行感染的猪群中，病毒的持续传播和抗原漂移难以控制。在此，来自一个地方流行感染swIAV H1N2（1 A.3.3.2分支）猪群的抗体阳性仔猪，采用同源初免-加强免疫接种策略，使用基于无重配能力的蝙蝠流感-swIAV嵌合体的新型减毒活流感病毒（LAIV）或基于水疱性口炎病毒的复制子疫苗进行免疫。通过接触H1N2 swIAV感染的未接种疫苗的种猪对接种疫苗的仔猪进行攻毒感染，结果显示，与用商业异源或同源佐剂全灭活病毒疫苗免疫的仔猪相比，LAIV和复制子疫苗分别显著降低了上呼吸道和下呼吸道中的病毒复制。我们的新型疫苗可能有助于中断大型地方流行感染猪群中IAV的持续传播链，改善动物的健康状况，并降低人感染swIAV的风险。