de Oliveira Pollyanne Raysa Fernandes, de Carvalho Jamile Ambrósio, Costa Taizi Rodrigues, Silva Bruno Pajeú E, da Silva Gabriela Gonçalves, Rodrigues Anderson Messias, Mota Rinaldo Aparecido
Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Federal Rural of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Brazil.
Laboratory of Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Discipline of Cellular Biology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 04023062, Brazil.
Mycopathologia. 2024 Jul 14;189(4):66. doi: 10.1007/s11046-024-00873-y.
Cat-transmitted sporotrichosis is caused by the emerging fungal pathogen Sporothrix brasiliensis and constitutes a significant public health issue that affects people living in resource-poor urban centers in Brazil. The lack of knowledge about transmission dynamics makes it difficult to propose public health policies to contain the advance of sporotrichosis. We describe the recent emergence of 1,176 cases of sporotrichosis in cats (2016 to 2021) in the metropolitan region of Recife, Brazil, leading to significant zoonotic transmission and an overwhelming occurrence of S. brasiliensis as the etiological agent. Most cases were from cats in the cities of Olinda (408/1,176; 34.70%), Jaboatão dos Guararapes (332/1,176; 28.23%), and Recife (237/1,176; 20.15%). Molecular typing using amplified fragment length polymorphism (EcoRI-GA/MseI-AG) revealed low polymorphic information content (PIC = 0.2499) and heterozygosity (H = 0.2928), typical of an outbreak scenario. Dendrogram and multivariate cluster analysis revealed that isolates from Pernambuco are closely related to Rio de Janeiro isolates. We report a substantial occurrence of MAT1-2 idiomorphs in the metropolitan region of Recife (0:60 ratio; χ = 60.000, P < 0.0001). The limited population differentiation and genetic diversity of the isolates from Pernambuco suggest a recent introduction, possibly via a founder effect, from the parental population in Rio de Janeiro. Our findings emphasize the critical importance of molecular surveillance of S. brasiliensis for outbreak response. A comprehensive one-health strategy is mandatory to control the spread of cat-transmitted sporotrichosis driven by S. brasiliensis, encompassing sanitary barriers, quick diagnosis, and treatment.
猫传播的孢子丝菌病由新出现的真菌病原体巴西孢子丝菌引起，是一个重大的公共卫生问题，影响着巴西资源匮乏的城市中心地区的居民。由于对传播动态缺乏了解，难以提出控制孢子丝菌病蔓延的公共卫生政策。我们描述了巴西累西腓大都市区最近出现的1176例猫孢子丝菌病病例（2016年至2021年），导致了大量的人畜共患传播，并且巴西孢子丝菌作为病原体大量出现。大多数病例来自奥林达市（408/1176；34.70%）、瓜拉拉皮斯的雅博阿唐市（332/1176；28.23%）和累西腓市（237/1176；20.15%）的猫。使用扩增片段长度多态性（EcoRI-GA/MseI-AG）进行分子分型显示多态信息含量低（PIC = 0.2499）和杂合性低（H = 0.2928），这是暴发情况的典型特征。树形图和多变量聚类分析表明，伯南布哥州的分离株与里约热内卢的分离株密切相关。我们报告在累西腓大都市区MAT1-2特异性基因座大量出现（比例为0:60；χ = 60.000，P < 0.0001）。伯南布哥州分离株的有限群体分化和遗传多样性表明，可能是通过奠基者效应，最近从里约热内卢的亲本群体引入的。我们的研究结果强调了对巴西孢子丝菌进行分子监测以应对疫情的至关重要性。必须采取全面的一体化健康战略来控制由巴西孢子丝菌驱动的猫传播孢子丝菌病的传播，包括卫生屏障、快速诊断和治疗。
