Chemistry Research Centre (CIQUP) and Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
GreenUPorto-Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Inov4Agro, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2024 Oct;14(10):2845-2916. doi: 10.1007/s13346-024-01649-z. Epub 2024 Jul 13.
Several efforts have been extensively accomplished for the amelioration of the cancer treatments using different types of new drugs and less invasives therapies in comparison with the traditional therapeutic modalities, which are widely associated with numerous drawbacks, such as drug resistance, non-selectivity and high costs, restraining their clinical response. The application of natural compounds for the prevention and treatment of different cancer cells has attracted significant attention from the pharmaceuticals and scientific communities over the past decades. Although the use of nanotechnology in cancer therapy is still in the preliminary stages, the application of nanotherapeutics has demonstrated to decrease the various limitations related to the use of natural compounds, such as physical/chemical instability, poor aqueous solubility, and low bioavailability. Despite the nanotechnology has emerged as a promise to improve the bioavailability of the natural compounds, there are still limited clinical trials performed for their application with various challenges required for the pre-clinical and clinical trials, such as production at an industrial level, assurance of nanotherapeutics long-term stability, physiological barriers and safety and regulatory issues. This review highlights the most recent advances in the nanocarriers for natural compounds secreted from plants, bacteria, fungi, and marine organisms, as well as their role on cell signaling pathways for anticancer treatments. Additionally, the clinical status and the main challenges regarding the natural compounds loaded in nanocarriers for clinical applications were also discussed.
已经进行了多项努力，以使用不同类型的新药和微创疗法来改善癌症治疗，与传统的治疗方式相比，这些疗法具有许多缺点，例如耐药性、非选择性和高成本，限制了它们的临床反应。在过去几十年中，天然化合物在预防和治疗不同癌细胞方面的应用引起了制药界和科学界的极大关注。虽然纳米技术在癌症治疗中的应用仍处于初级阶段，但纳米疗法的应用已证明可以减少与天然化合物使用相关的各种限制，例如物理/化学不稳定性、水溶性差和生物利用度低。尽管纳米技术已成为提高天然化合物生物利用度的一种有希望的方法，但仍有有限的临床试验用于其应用，还需要进行临床前和临床试验的各种挑战，例如在工业水平上生产、保证纳米疗法的长期稳定性、生理障碍以及安全性和监管问题。本文综述了最近在植物、细菌、真菌和海洋生物中分泌的天然化合物的纳米载体的最新进展，以及它们在抗癌治疗中对细胞信号通路的作用。此外，还讨论了载有天然化合物的纳米载体在临床应用中的临床现状和主要挑战。
