Mayer Thachary R, Borders Sydni E, Schwartz Trent E, Gehring Kerri B, Griffin Davey B, Kerth Christopher R, Belk Keith E, Scanga John A, Nair Mahesh N, Pfeiffer Morgan M, Mafi Gretchen G, Harr Keayla M, Lawrence Ty E, Tennant Travis C, Lucherk Loni W, O'Quinn Travis G, Beyer Erin S, Bass Phil D, Garcia Lyda G, Bohrer Benjamin M, Pempek Jessica A, Garmyn Andrea J, Maddock Robert J, Carr C Chad, Pringle T Dean, Scheffler Tracy L, Scheffler Jason M, Stelzleni Alexander M, Gonzalez John M, Underwood Keith R, Harsh Bailey N, Waters Crystal M, Savell Jeffrey W
Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-2471, USA.
Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1171, USA.
Transl Anim Sci. 2024 Jun 15;8:txae098. doi: 10.1093/tas/txae098. eCollection 2024.
The National Beef Quality Audit - 2022 serves as a benchmark of the current fed steer and heifer population of the U.S. beef industry and allows comparison to previous audits as a method of monitoring industry progress. In-plant cooler assessments and collections of beef carcass data took place from July 2021 to November 2022. During in-plant evaluations, 10% of 1-d production was surveyed for quality and yield indicating characteristics of fed beef carcasses ( 9,746 beef carcasses). Distributions of sex classes among sampled carcasses were steer (65.0%) and heifer (35.0%), whereas distributions of breed type were native (87.7%), dairy (11.3%), and (0.9%). Mean values were observed for USDA Yield Grades (; 3.3), USDA Quality Grade (; Choice), marbling score (Small), ribeye area (91.0 cm), adjusted fat thickness (1.49 cm), hot carcass weight (401.9 kg), and KPH (2.5%). Mean overall maturity was A, with a mean lean maturity of A and mean skeletal maturity of A. There were 28.1% of carcasses identified for use in a USDA-certified beef G-Schedule Program. Defects, such as dark cutting and blood splash, were observed at 1.8% and 0.5%, respectively. Distributions of USDA YG were YG 1 (8.2%), YG 2 (30.7%), YG 3 (40.2%), YG 4 (16.6%), and YG 5 (4.3%). USDA QGs were observed at 7.5% Prime, 69.2% Choice, 16.4% Select, and 6.8% other. The results of this study provide an updated look at the current grading trends of beef carcasses in the United States to drive progress in the fed beef industry.
《2022年美国牛肉质量审计》是美国牛肉行业当前育肥牛和育成母牛群体的一个基准，并允许与之前的审计进行比较，以此作为监测行业进展的一种方法。2021年7月至2022年11月期间进行了厂内冷藏评估和牛肉胴体数据收集。在厂内评估期间，对1天产量的10%进行了质量和产量调查，以表明育肥牛胴体的特征（9746个牛肉胴体）。抽样胴体的性别类别分布为公牛（65.0%）和母牛（35.0%），而品种类型分布为本地品种（87.7%）、奶牛品种（11.3%）和其他品种（0.9%）。观察到美国农业部产量等级（平均为3.3）、美国农业部质量等级（平均为精选级）、大理石花纹评分（少量）、肋眼面积（91.0平方厘米）、调整后的脂肪厚度（1.49厘米）、热胴体重（401.9千克）和肾周脂肪（2.5%）的平均值。总体平均成熟度为A级，瘦肉平均成熟度为A级，骨骼平均成熟度为A级。有28.1%的胴体被确定用于美国农业部认证的牛肉G级计划。诸如黑切肉和血溅等缺陷的发生率分别为1.8%和0.5%。美国农业部产量等级的分布为1级（8.2%）、2级（30.7%）、3级（40.2%）、4级（16.6%）和5级（4.3%）。观察到美国农业部质量等级为特选级的占7.5%、精选级的占69.2%、标准级的占16.4%，其他等级的占6.8%。本研究结果提供了美国牛肉胴体当前分级趋势的最新情况，以推动育肥牛行业的发展。
