Brice J L, Tornabene T G, LaForce F M
J Infect Dis. 1979 Oct;140(4):443-52. doi: 10.1093/infdis/140.4.443.
With the use of gas-liquid chromatographic techniques, the chemical characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3, Escherichia coli, group B Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae type b, and Staphylococcus aureus, organisms that commonly cause bacterial meningitis, were identified. The combination of lipid, carbohydrate, and lipopolysaccharide components provided discriminating markers for chemotyping these bacteria. E. coli had a high content of 17- and 19-carbon cyclopropane fatty acids, whereas none of the other organisms tested revealed any cyclic acids, apart from a possible trace amount in S. pneumoniae. The content of isomethyl branching fatty acids clearly distinguished S. pneumoniae and S. aureus. N. meningitidis and H. influenzae were somewhat similar in their overall fatty acid compositions, but the presence of galactose without rhamnose in extracts of N. meningitidis readily distinguished N. meningitidis from H. influenzae. Only extracts from E. coli contained mannose; erythrose was an exclusive marker in extracts of S. pneumoniae. These data suggest that these differences in chemotype might be useful in developing a gas-liquid chromatographic assay of spinal fluid for the rapid laboratory diagnosis of bacterial meningitis.
运用气液色谱技术，鉴定了常见引起细菌性脑膜炎的3型肺炎链球菌、大肠杆菌、B群脑膜炎奈瑟菌、b型流感嗜血杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的化学特征。脂质、碳水化合物和脂多糖成分的组合为这些细菌的化学分型提供了鉴别标记。大肠杆菌含有高含量的17碳和19碳环丙烷脂肪酸，而其他受试生物体除肺炎链球菌可能含有痕量外，均未显示任何环状酸。异甲基支链脂肪酸的含量明显区分了肺炎链球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。脑膜炎奈瑟菌和流感嗜血杆菌的总体脂肪酸组成有些相似，但脑膜炎奈瑟菌提取物中存在半乳糖而无鼠李糖，这很容易将脑膜炎奈瑟菌与流感嗜血杆菌区分开来。只有大肠杆菌提取物含有甘露糖；赤藓糖是肺炎链球菌提取物中的唯一标记物。这些数据表明，化学型的这些差异可能有助于开发一种用于脑脊液气液色谱分析的方法，以快速进行细菌性脑膜炎的实验室诊断。
